Dating Violence Prevention With At Risk Youth - 1857 Words

PS382: Research in Community Psychology Instructor: Kathleen Worton TA: Courtney Arseneau Mini Paper #3 Dating Violence Prevention with At-Risk Youth: A Controlled Outcome Evaluation Wednesday, November 19th, 2014 Amanda Sanichar, 100375850 Wilfrid Laurier University 1. Describe the program. What type of program is it? Who is served by the program? What are its inputs? Many people are involved in relationships in which they experience violence, including, but not limited to: physical, sexual, or emotional abuse and threats. Regrettably, the prevalence of domestic-violence among adults, and the ineffective treatment of adult-offenders in society, may suggest that alternative prevention strategies for relationship-violence are needed across the lifespan (Wolfe et al., 2003). Accordingly, adolescence can be seen as an ideal time during personal development for obtaining the necessary skills and knowledge that can ensure the growth and maturity of nonviolent relationships (Wolfe et al., 2003). The Youth Relationships Project (YRP) evaluated in this study, was a 4-year community-based intervention that aimed to prevent violence in dating-relationships among adolescents by, â€Å"focusing on positive alternatives to aggression-based interpersonal problem-solving and gender-based role expectations (Wolfe et al., 2003).† This program targeted 14-16-year-old adolescents in Southwestern Ontario, who were supported by Child Protective Services (CPS) agencies for reasonsShow MoreRelatedTeen Dating Violence : Teenage Dating1655 Words   |  7 Pages Teen Dating Violence Dawn Brown, Verronica Flowers, Michelle Marcak, Lisa Sprouse Dr. Brinda Mckinney, Instructor Arkansas State University NRS 3333 Women s Health August 12, 2016 â€Æ' Teen Dating Violence In 2013, the National Youth Risk Behavior Survey reported that 21% of female and 10% of male high school students experienced some form of physical and/or sexual dating violence. 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However, they have become even more prevalent in schools in the recent past. In the student survey component of the 1995 National Crime Victimization Survey, more than one third (37%) of the students reported gangs at their schools and the percentage of students reporting theRead MoreTeen Dating Violence : Research2459 Words   |  10 PagesTeen Dating Violence Research on adolescent dating violence (DV) is limited, even though it is a risk factor for adult intimate partner violence (IPV). IPV is a serious health concern that is linked to depression, eating disorders, substance abuse, sexually transmitted diseases, and pregnancy (De Grace Clarke, 2012). According to The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 2016), teen dating violence is defined as the physical, sexual, psychological, or emotional violence within a dating

Fasb Topics Research Paper Free Essays

Adjustments to Lower of Cost or Market 330-10-35-1 A departure from the cost basis of pricing the inventory is required when the utility of the goods is no longer as great as their cost. Where there is evidence that the utility of goods, in their disposal in the ordinary course of business, will be less than cost The inventory has a financial importance as it is purchased and recorded at its historical cost or original cost. With respect to a perpetual inventory system, inventory accounts are continually controlled as goods are purchased and placed directly into the inventory account and then later taken out when sold. We will write a custom essay sample on Fasb Topics Research Paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now Therefore the inventory is properly recognized within the period it is sold. Furthermore valuing the inventory with FIFO correctly reports the ending inventory at its market value. When ending inventory is reported at market value, before making proper year adjustments unexpected changes occur in the ordinary course of business causing the market to be lower then the cost basis of the inventory. This departure from the cost basis of pricing the inventory requires the utility of inventory is no longer as great as its original cost. The ASC allows assets to be valued with Lower of Cost or Market when evidence is proving the future utility of the inventory drops below its historical cost. The determination of the businesses cost basis for their current inventory and determination of the market calls for ruling the LCM with the conservatism principal to resolve the issue between these two divergent amounts (original cost of inventory and the market). Justification for applying Lower of Cost Or Market is the recognition of the holding loss resulting from the market being less then the company’s current inventory. Which requires a decision between reporting the inventory at its actual cost or it’s replacement cost. The conservatism principle applies with LCM by reporting the inventory on the balance sheet at replacement cost in the period it occurred also recognizing the loss in the income statement during that same period. Therefore the inventory is reported at its net realizable value on the balance sheet, and the reduction (holding loss) is properly recorded on the income statement. Question 2. Your company has acquired land that is not undergoing activities necessary to get it ready for its intended use. You have been told to capitalize interest costs (the lesser of the actual or avoidable interest costs) associated with the acquisition of the land. Should you capitalize any interest costs? FASB ASC CITATION: Capitalization of Interest 35-20-25-3 The capitalization period shall begin when the following three conditions are present: a. Expenditures for the asset have been made. ? b. Activities that are necessary to get the asset ready for its intended use are in progress. ? c. Interest cost is being incurred. ? Interest capitalization shall continue as long as those three conditions are present. We recognize the general facts stated; the land for the businesses investment is purchased, and with respe ct to the land, activities have not been started yet to prepare it for the intended use deeming it as an asset or investment. In order for the land to be considered expenditure, it would to prove it meets ASC’s three requirements of capitalization of interest. The land generally speaking the land must be capitalized to provide evidence capitalization rates will be applied, which furthermore qualifies the land to have payments of cash, transfer of other assets, or accruing the liability of recognized interest. Only if the activities of the land are in preparation for its intended use then capitalization of interest is added to the construction of the long-term asset. From a current stand point of the land, expenditures for the land have not been made yet, the activity required for its intended use is not undergoing, and therefore interest cost incurred can not be capitalized but rather expensed on the current periods of the income statement. With respect to the facts stated on the lands current progress the interest incurred can not be capitalized. Question 3: You are to allocate an asset retirement cost (initiated by an asset retirement obligation). What guidance is given over the manner in hich the asset retirement cost should be allocated to expense? FASB ASC CITATION: 410-20-35-2 An entity shall subsequently allocate that asset retirement cost to expense using a systematic and rational method over its useful life. Asset retirement obligation requires properly allocating the asset retirement cost over the assets life of the asset. The allocation of asset retirement cost that is initiated by the asset retirement obligation includes items that t hat fall under FASB’s issued Statement of Financial Accounting Concepts also known as SFAC No. 6 â€Å"Elements of Financial Statements. The proper manner of allocating requires the retirement cost to be properly measured, recognized, and recorded when involving elements in the financial statements. The measurement of the asset must be measured properly at its historical cost. During the ordinary process a business has outflows or using up of its assets in which the expenses are then recognized under the SFAC No. 6 as Expense Recognition Principle. During the period the assets are used up from operational procedures (delivery, and production). The expense accounts recognize accumulated depreciated cost of the asset over its useful life until it fully depreciated. The combination of the assets cost minus its accumulated depreciation results the asset to its net realizable value, when fully depreciated the net amount will have a zero value. The retired asset must then be properly reported in the balance sheet. When a company decides to retire an asset it must reflects the cost properly in the financial statements. When circumstance arise and its liability of the retirement obligation incur over more reporting periods, the incurring liabilities must be considered as an additional liability over the original liability of allocating the retirement costs. Thus stated the business must recognize and measured as an additional liability (layer) at its fair value. Furthermore guidance to allocate the retirement cost must be expensed in the required systematic way over its useful life. Applying the allocation method doesn’t enable the business from capitalizing any amounts of retirement costs and allocating the same amount to the expense account in the same period. Question 4: A warehouse located in Central Iowa was destroyed by an earthquake, the first earthquake ever reported in Central Iowa. You are questioned why you reported it as an extraordinary item, net of tax, rather than a â€Å"normal† loss related to the business operations. FASB ASC CITATION: EXTRAODINARY and UNUSAL ITEMS 225-20-45-2 Extraordinary items are events and transactions that are distinguished by their unusual nature and by the infrequency of their occurrence. When reporting extraordinary and unusual items in the income statement some requirements must be met upon reporting the items. The extraordinary items are events and transactions that are 1. Unusual in nature meaning that underlying event or transaction has a high degree of abnormality that it is unrelated to and 2. Infrequent in occurrence meaning its underlying event or transitions is not reasonably expected to recur in the future. The ASC requires that both of the criteria stated above must bet met in order to report any items as extraordinary or unusual. Reporting extraordinary items in the income statement will be reported by its gross amount and then at net after deducting the income tax expense or saving associated with the item. With respect to Iowa, reporting the warehouse as an extraordinary item from the result of an infrequent earthquake that was unusual in nature since this was the first occurring earth quake ever reported and infrequent because it is a natural disaster and therefore cannot be considered part of normal business operations. Furthermore deeming the warehouse as an extraordinary item. How to cite Fasb Topics Research Paper, Essays

What Should Be Included In A Prohibition Essay Example For Students

What Should Be Included In A Prohibition Essay I. IntroductionII. Early prohibitionA. During 1800sB. During 1920III. The 18th AmendmentA. Who came up with it. B. How and when it was enforced. IV. Mob involvement in ProhibitionA. Sherman Billingsley1. Early years2. Later yearsB. George Remus1. Early years2. Later yearsC. Mob in ChicagoD. Mob in DetroitV. The art of Rum RunningA. Who founded it. We will write a custom essay on What Should Be Included In A Prohibition specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now B. How it was enforced. VI. Steps toward repealA. Who wanted it. B. Why they wanted it. VII. The End of ProhibitionA. When and why it happened. B. Effects of Prohibition ending. ProhibitionThe purpose of this paper is to tell about Prohibition, tell about early prohibition, and about the 18th Amendment. Ill also tell about the mob involvement in Prohibition and the steps towards repeal. Prohibition started before it even started. Prior to the Civil War, most states enacted in prohibition laws, but most of them were repealed before 1865. Then in 1900, Maine, Kansas, and North Dakota adopted a firm prohibition law. Then in 1907, Georgia adopted one. In 1908, in Oklahoma, and in 1909 Mississippi, North Carolina, and Tennessee did adopt one too. Andrew Volstead of Minnesota introduced the act in 1919 to Congress and forever after was called the Volstead Act. The law defined as it prohibited intoxicating liquors as those with an alcoholic content of more than 0.5 percent, although it made concessions for liquors sold for medical and industrial purpose, and for fruit and grape drinks prepared in homes for personal use. The hope of the Volstead Act was the reduce public drunkness and of alcohol-related crime, imprisonments, and hospitalizations. To enforce this law the government hired federal agents to enforce different areas of the Unites States. The agents had the power to take the police on a raid of a suspected speakeasy (an illegal bar) or a suspected warehouse. Officially at midnight on January 16, 1920, America went dry. Prohibition is better than no liquor at all. as Will Rogers Then came along the people to fill in the large demand for liquor and the Mob looked at this as a big step for them. A lot of the big names began when they were very young. Sherman Billinsgley began when he was twelve years old. He sold bootleg liquor out of a drugstore. He was arrested first in Seattle for breaking liquor laws. By the age of 17, he ran bootleg liquor from Canada to three speakeasies that he was running. Then at age 19, he went back to selling medical liquor, but now on the Bronx. From there Sherman Billingsley made another step. He became the owner and founder of the Stock Club, located in New York. The Stock Club was the m ost famous speakeasy in America. People from all around tried to get into Billingsleys club. Another man who was very big at this time was George Remus. He never graduated from high school, but he became one of the richest men of the time. He went to night school and studied law, while running two drugstores, and acting as an unlicensed doctor and also rasing a family. At the age of 24, he admitted himself to the Illinois bar and started his own business. One of Remuss clients was Johnny Touris, one of Chicagos first bootleggers and speakeasy king. When Johnny and one of his men got into trouble Remus tried to get them off. After about a year Remus realized how big the market was. Because Remus saw how big the market was he moved to Cleveland and started buying all the distilleries that he could find throughout America. Of all the distilleries that Remus bought were the Fleischmann, Old Lexington Club, Rugby, Glendale, and the Squibb, which was the largest in the country. The Fleischmann cost him $197,000, but it came with thirty-one hundred barrels. We never poisoned anybod y. We sold good liquor and we didnt cut it. George Remus said to one of his workers in the large number of alcohol poisoning related deaths. By 1922 George Remus had a monopoly on whiskey. The only downfall of George Remus was his over-confidence and his excessive greed. And because of this he went to Atlanta for two years for bootlegging. .uc8082e606d8e43935419aaca649710c5 , .uc8082e606d8e43935419aaca649710c5 .postImageUrl , .uc8082e606d8e43935419aaca649710c5 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc8082e606d8e43935419aaca649710c5 , .uc8082e606d8e43935419aaca649710c5:hover , .uc8082e606d8e43935419aaca649710c5:visited , .uc8082e606d8e43935419aaca649710c5:active { border:0!important; } .uc8082e606d8e43935419aaca649710c5 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc8082e606d8e43935419aaca649710c5 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc8082e606d8e43935419aaca649710c5:active , .uc8082e606d8e43935419aaca649710c5:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc8082e606d8e43935419aaca649710c5 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc8082e606d8e43935419aaca649710c5 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc8082e606d8e43935419aaca649710c5 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc8082e606d8e43935419aaca649710c5 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc8082e606d8e43935419aaca649710c5:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc8082e606d8e43935419aaca649710c5 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc8082e606d8e43935419aaca649710c5 .uc8082e606d8e43935419aaca649710c5-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc8082e606d8e43935419aaca649710c5:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: By: kim EssayDuring prohibition the mobsters fought to control the market. In Chicago, the fight was between Dion OBanion and highly respected Al Capone. The biggest battle between the two superpowers was the St. Valentine Day Massacre. In Chicago alone there were over 500 murders during prohibition. For the mobsters to stay in business they had to pay off cops to stay out of their business activities. Theys pay them less than three thousand a year, but during the time that was plenty for the cops. And come of the mobsters payed off district attorneys and other people high in command anywhere from $40,000 to $50,000 to wear blinders. But there was some law in the United Stated. Two federal agents from New York, named Izzy Einstein and Moe Smith, made over 4,000 arrests. As whiskey was coming from Canada there was rum coming from the Caribbean. The king of the Rum runners was named Bill McCoy. McCoys operation was to take the loaded boat from the Caribbean up to the New York area and then a bunch of smell boats would come out to his boat and unload the run and within hours, it was sold. Just as fast as prohibition became a law, when time came for repeal, it was repealed just as fast. Groups like the Anti-Saloon League (ASL) and the Association Against the Prohibition Amendment (AAPA) succeed with the repeal vote, with seventy-three percent in favor of the 21st Amendment. On December 5, 1933, President Roosevelt signed the proclamation ending prohibition. The Noble experiment didnt end with a band, but rather the sound of corks popping and glasses clinking.

Critically discuss the Strategy in Action of Tesco plc The WritePass Journal

Critically discuss the Strategy in Action of Tesco plc INTRODUCTION Critically discuss the Strategy in Action of Tesco plc INTRODUCTIONPESTEL FRAMEWORK 2.1 Political Factors2.2 EconomicalFactors2.3Social/CulturalFactors2.4 Technological Factors2.5 Environmental FactorsPORTERS FIVE FORCES8.0 CONCLUSIONRelated INTRODUCTION Tesco plc is the food and drink retail sector represents the major industry in the UK, providing, manufacturing, employment for over three million people in the main production and retailing. In 2004 retail accounted for 9% of (GDP) gross domestic product (Datamonitor, 2003). In latest years UK supermarkets have come under increased analysis over their management of suppliers, yet the increase of strategic supply networks has been essential part of largely supermarket strategies for the past decade. This report is provides Tesco, with emphasis on its external environment and companys analysis of resources, competence and culture strategic and   the resources based on strategies. One of the largest food retailers in the world,   Tesco operating about 2,319 stores and employing over 325,000 people. It provides online services through its subsidiary, Tesco.com. The UK largest market   company   where it operates under four banners of Superstore, Extra,   Metro and Express. The company sells about 40,000 food products, non-food lines, clothing and other. The companys own-label products are at three levels, normal and finest, value,. As well as convenience produce, several stores have gas stations, becoming one of Britains largest independent petrol retailers. Other retailing services Tesco Personal Finance. PESTEL FRAMEWORK 2.1 Political Factors the company Operating in a globalized environment. Tesco has   stores around the world now operates   in the Republic of Ireland, Europe   , Slovakia, Poland , Czech Republic, Hungary and Turkey. It also operates in Asia in Thailand Japan Taiwan, South Korea,   and Malaysia it is performance is greatly influenced by the political and legislative situation of these countries, including the (EU). For employment  Ã‚   the government encourages retailers to provide a mix flexible   job opportunities, lower-paid and locally-based jobs to highly-skilled, higher- located jobs paid and centrally- (Balchin, 1994). Moreover to meet the demand from population categories such as working parents senior citizens and Students. 2.2 EconomicalFactors Tesco economic factors are of concern, because they are likely to influence demand, prices profits, and costs. One of the mainly influential factors on the economy is high unemployment levels, which decreases the effective demand for several goods. The economic factors are largely outside the control of the company, but their effects the marketing and performance can be deep. while international business is still increasing (Appendix A), and is expected to contribute better amounts to Tescos income over the next few years, the company is still highly dependent on the   market. therefore, it   would be badly affected by any slowdown exposed to the market concentration risks and in the UK food   market 2.3Social/CulturalFactors present trends show that British customers have moved towards ‘bulk shopping, which is due to a range of social changes. Tesco have, therefore, improved the quantity of non-food stuff available for sale. Demographic changes such as the aging of people, the female workers   are increase and a decline in preparation home meal mean that UK retailers are also focusing on services and added-value products . adding, the focus is now towards; the share of the   own-label in business mix, the operational improvements and   supply chain , which can drive costs out of the business. National retailers are increasingly reticent to take on new suppliers (Datamonitor Report, 2003Clarke, Bennison and Guy,1994;). The type of goods and services demanded by customers is a meaning of their consequent attitudes and beliefs and social conditioning . customers are becoming more and more aware of their attitudes towards food are constantly changing and   health issues. For instance   to accommodate an increased demand for organic products Tesco adapting the product mix, and also the first company   to allow customers to pay in cash and cheques at the checkout. 2.4 Technological Factors Technology is a main macro-environmental changeable which has influenced the increase of several   Tesco products. The new technologies benefit the company and customers satisfaction raises because services can become more personalised and shopping more convenient, goods are readily and available.The launch of the Efficient Consumer Response initiative provided the shift that is now apparent in the management of food supply chains (Datamonitor Report, 2003 2.5 Environmental Factors In 2003, there has been improved pressure on several companies and managers to admit their responsibility to society. (Johnson and Scholes, 2003) The major societal concern threatening food retailers has been environmental issues, a key region for companies to proceed in a socially responsible way. therefore, by recognizing this tendency in the broad ethical stance, the company   corporate social responsibility is concerned through the ways in which an organization exceeds the minimum obligations to stakeholders particular through regulation and business governance PORTERS FIVE FORCES Threat of New Entrants The UK grocery market is mainly   dominated by   competitors, including the major brands of Tesco ,Sainsburys   Safeway ,and   Asda, that   take a market share of 70% and small chains of Somerfield,   Waitrose and Budgens   with a further 10%. Over the last 30 years, Ritz (2005), the grocery market has been changed into the supermarket-dominated business. The   Majority of the large chains have built their power due to operating efficiency, major marketing-mix expenditure and one-stop shopping. This power had a large impact on the small traditional shops, such as, bakers, butchers and etc. therefore, these days it possesses a strong barrier for new companies who want to enter the grocery market. For example, it becomes rather difficult for new entrants to increase sufficient capital because of large fixed costs and highly developed supply chains.   in   advanced technology This is also evident in huge investments done by large chains, like T esco, for stock control systems that impact new entrants and the existing ones and checkouts . Other barriers include economies of scale achieved by Tesco. Bargaining Powerof Suppliers This force   that can be influenced by major grocery chains and that fear of losing their business to the large supermarkets. Therefore, this consolidates more leading positions of stores like Tesco and Asda in negotiating better     prices from suppliers that small individual chains are unable to match Ritz (2005).   UK based suppliers are also threatened by the rising ability of   retailers to source their products from abroad at cheaper deals. The relationship with sellers can have same effects in constraining the strategic freedom of the company and in influencing its margins. The forces of competitive rivalry have reduced the profit margins for suppliers and supermarket chains. Bargaining Power of Customers   Porter M. (1980) more products that become standardized or undifferentiated, the lower the switching cost, and therefore, more power is yielded to buyers. Tescos famous loyalty card – Club card remains the successful customer retention strategy that   increases the profitability of Tescos business. In meeting   customer needs, better choices, customizing service, ensure low prices,   constant flow of in-store promotions like Tesco enables brands to control and retain their customer base. In recent years the   food retailing has   changed   due to a large demand of consumers doing the majority of their shopping in supermarkets that shows a larger need for supermarkets to sell non-food items.   Also it has provided supermarkets with a new strategic expansion into new markets of banking. moreover Consumers have become more aware of the issues surrounding fairer trade and the influence of western consumers on the expectations and asp irations of Third World producers. Ethically and ecologically benign sound production of consumer produce such as coffee, tea, and cocoa is viable, and such products are widely available at the majority of large chains. Threat of Substitutes for a particular product General substitution is able to reduce demand, while there is a threat of consumers switching to the alternatives Porter M. (1980). In the grocery industry this can be seen in the form of the substitute of need or product-for-product     and is further weakened by new trends, such as the way small chains of convenience stores are emerging in the industry. In this case Tesco is trying to acquire existing small-scale operations and opening Express and Metro stores in city centres and local towns   Ritz (2005). 3.5Bargaining Powerof Competitors The grocery environment has seen a very significant growth in the size and market dominance of the larger players, with greater store size, increased retailer concentration, and the utilisation of a range of formats, which are now prominent characteristics of the sector. As it was mentioned above, the purchasing power of the food-retailing industry is concentrated in the hands of a relatively small number of retail buyers. Operating in a mature, flat market where growth is difficult (a driver of the diversification into non-food areas), and consumers are increasingly demanding and sophisticated, large chains as Tesco are accruing large amounts of consumer information that can be used to communicate with the consumer Ritz (2005). This highly competitive market has fostered an accelerated level of development, resulting in a situation in which UK grocery retailers have had to be innovative to maintain and build market share. Such innovation can be seen in the development of a range of trading formats, in response to changes in consumer behaviour. The dominant market leaders have responded by refocusing on price and value, whilst reinforcing the added value elements of their service. SWOTAnalysis   mus,,,, Tesco is the top grocer and leading retailer in its home market of the UK. Pitched at the broad middle mass-market, it has maintained its position through a clear focus, well targeted product offer and excellent record both in product and format innovation. Tesco also leads the world in online grocery retailing. In the UK the company concentrates on running grocery superstores, c-stores and an online service. Elsewhere the focus is usually on hypermarkets. In 2003, the groups trading record around Europe and UK has been outstanding. The full SWOT analysis of Tesco is presented in Appendix B, summarizing the key issues from the business environment and the strategic capability, including resources and competence, of the company that are most likely to impact on strategy development Strengths Increasing market share: Tesco holds a 13% share of the UK retail market. Its multi-format capability means that it will continue to grow share in food, while increasing space contribution from hypermarkets will allow it to drive a higher share in non-food. Tescos general growth and ROI show no sign of abating: In the UK, Tescos late 2002 investment into West-midlands based convenience store group TS was billed as the most aggressive move into the neighborhood market by a big-name retailer so far. The deal has turned Tesco into the countrys second biggest convenience store chain after the Co-operative Group, and the company also plans to open up 59 new stores in the UK this year. Tesco has grown its non-food division to the extent that its revenues now total 23% of total group earnings. Tescos international business segment is growing steadily, and is predicted to contribute nearly a quarter of group profits over the next five years. If geographical spread continues to grow, this will ensure Tescos continued regional strength. Insurance: In fiscal 2003 Tesco Personal Finance reached the milestone of one million motor insurance policies, making it the fastest growing motor insurance providerever.The groups instant travel insurance allows Clubcard holders to buy their holiday insurance conveniently at the checkout. Pet insurance now has over 330,000 cats and dogs covered, while the life insurance policy followed on from the success of last year, when it was voted The Most Competitive Life Insurance Provider in the MoneyFacts Awards 2003. Tesco online: Tesco.com is the worlds biggest online supermarket and this year the group had sales of over  £577 million, an increase of 29% on last year. Tesco online now operates in over 270 stores around the country, covering 96% of the UK. With over a million households nationwide having used the companys online services, the company has a strong platform to further develop this revenue stream. Brand value: Profits for Tescos operations in Europe, Asia and Ireland increased by 78% during the last fiscal year. The company has a strong brand image, and is associated with good quality, trustworthy goods that represent excellent value. Tescos innovative ways of improving the customer shopping experience, as well as its efforts to branch out into finance and insurance have also capitalized on this. UK market leadership reinforced: Since acquiring number one ranking in 1996, Tesco has developed a successful multiformat strategy that has accelerated its advantage. Its UK sales are now 71% larger than Sainsburys. Also the Competition Commissions report makes it very difficult for a competitor to challenge its scale and has effectively scuppered Wal-Marts chances of stealing UK leadership. Therefore, Tesco is in an enormously strong position in its domestic market. Weaknesses Reliance upon the UK market: Although international business is still growing, and is expected to contribute greater amounts to Tescos profits over the next few years, the company is still highly dependent on the UK market (73.8% of 2003 revenues). While this isnt a major weakness in the short term, any changes in the UK supermarket industry over the next year for example, like the Morrisons group successfully purchasing the Safeway chain could alter the balance of UK supermarket power, and affect share. Debt reduction: Tesco is not expected to reduce its debt until at least 2006. Tesco has a large capital expenditure program mainly due to its huge investment in space for new stores. Since its expansion is so aggressive, Tesco has little free cash for any other operations. Signs point to serial acquisitions: With an enterprise value of  £23 billion, Tesco clearly has enormous firepower. Also, its product range is vast and almost any acquisition can be justified, particularly in the UK. While fill the gap strategy would be useful to the company, as has been the case with the UK convenience market, there is the danger of Tesco becoming a serial acquirer, as this tends to reduce earnings visibility and quality. 8.0 CONCLUSION The success of the Tesco shows how far the branding and effective service delivery can come in moving beyond splashing ones logo on a billboard. It had fostered powerful identities by making their retiling concept into a virus and spending it out into the culture via a variety of channels: cultural sponsorship, political controversy, consumer experience and brand extensions. In a rapidly changing business environment with a high competitors pressure Tesco have to adopt new expansion strategies or diversified the existing in order to sustain its leading market position in an already established retailing market. The company must constantly adapt to the fast changing circumstances. Strategy formulation should therefore be regarded as a process of continuous learning, which includes learning about the goals, the effect of possible actions towards these goals and how to implement and execute these actions. The quality of a formulated strategy and the speed of its implementation will therefore directly depend on the quality of Tescos cognitive and behavioural learning processes. In large organizations as Tesco strategy should be analysed and implemented at various levels within the hierarchy. These different levels of strategy should be related and mutually supporting. Tescos strategy at a corporate level defines the businesses in which Tesco will compete, in a way that focuses resources to convert distinctive competence into competitive advantage

Personal Pronouns in Japanese

Personal Pronouns in Japanese A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun. In English, examples of pronouns include I, they, who, it, this, none and so on. Pronouns perform a variety of grammatical functions and are thus heavily used is most languages. There are many subtypes of pronouns such as  personal pronouns,  reflexive  pronouns,  possessive pronouns,  demonstrative pronouns, and more. Japanese vs English Pronoun Usage The use of Japanese personal pronouns is quite different from English. They are not used as often as their English counterparts, though there are a variety of pronouns in Japanese depending on the gender or the style of speech. If the context is clear, the Japanese prefer not to use the personal pronouns. It is important to learn how to use them, but also important to understand how not to use them. Unlike English, there is no strict rule to have a grammatical subject in a sentence. How to Say I Here are the different ways one can say I depending on the situation and to whom one is speaking to, whether it be a superior or a close friend. watakushi ã‚ Ã£ Å¸Ã£  Ã£ â€" - very formalwatashi ã‚ Ã£ Å¸Ã£ â€" - formalboku (male) Ã¥Æ'•, atashi (female) 㠁‚㠁Ÿã â€" - informalore (male) ä ¿ º - very informal How to Say You The following are the different ways of saying you depending on the circumstances. otaku 㠁Šã Å¸Ã£   - very formalanata 㠁‚㠁 ªÃ£ Å¸ - formalkimi (male) Ã¥ â€º - informalomae (male) 㠁Šå‰ , anta 㠁‚ん㠁Ÿ- very informal Japanese Personal Pronoun Usage Among these pronouns, watashi and anata are the most common. However, as mentioned above, they are often omitted in conversation. When addressing your superior, anata is not appropriate and should be avoided. Use the persons name instead. Anata is also used by wives when they address their husbands. Omae is sometimes used by husbands when addressing their wives, though it sounds a little bit old-fashioned. Third Person Pronouns The pronouns for the third person are kare (he) or kanojo (she). Rather than using these words, it is preferred to use the persons name or describe them as ano hito (that person). It is not necessary to include gender. Here are some sentence examples: Kyou Jon ni aimashita.ä »Å Ã¦â€" ¥Ã£â€š ¸Ã£Æ' §Ã£Æ' ³Ã£  «Ã¤ ¼Å¡Ã£ â€žÃ£  ¾Ã£ â€"㠁Ÿã€‚I saw him (John) today.Ano hito o shitte imasu ka.㠁‚㠁 ®Ã¤ º ºÃ£â€šâ€™Ã§Å¸ ¥Ã£  £Ã£  ¦Ã£ â€žÃ£  ¾Ã£ â„¢Ã£ â€¹Do you know her? Additionally, kare or kanojo often means a boyfriend or a girlfriend. Here are the terms used in a sentence: Kare ga imasu ka.Ã¥ ½ ¼Ã£ Å'㠁„㠁 ¾Ã£ â„¢Ã£ â€¹Do you have a boyfriend?Watashi no kanojo wa kangofu desu.ç § Ã£  ®Ã¥ ½ ¼Ã¥ ¥ ³Ã£  ¯Ã§Å"‹è ­ ·Ã¥ © ¦Ã£  §Ã£ â„¢My girlfriend is a nurse. Plural Personal Pronouns To make plurals, a suffix ~ tachi (é â€) is added like watashi-tachi (we) or anata-tachi (you plural). The suffix ~ tachi can be added to not only pronouns but to some other nouns referring to people. For example, kodomo-tachi (Ã¥ ­ Ã¤ ¾â€ºÃ© â€) means children. For the word anata, the suffix ~ gata (æâ€" ¹) is used sometimes to make it plural instead of using ~ tachi. Anata-gata (㠁‚㠁 ªÃ£ Å¸Ã¦â€" ¹) is more formal than anata-tachi. The suffix ~ ra (ら) is also used for kare, such as karera (they).

HFSD Coursework Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

HFSD Coursework - Essay Example Our consultancy services include an exhaustive evaluation of the existing website of Domestic Appliance Services to identify any limitations which exist. Additionally, recommendations would also be made on improvements and steps would be taken to restructure the website in such a manner that it would be able to attract more custom. The consultancy services involve charges of $650 per day. The process of assessment of the website and preparing a written report, followed by implementation of restructuring plans for the website would involve a period of about five days, which amounts to a total investment expense of  £3250. This would be a one time expense rather than a recurring one and when offset against the losses that are happening on a daily basis through lost business, it could prove to be an investment that would be recovered within a day or so. The cost of an individual appliance is itself in about that range. For every sale that is lost, there is a potential loss of several thousands of dollars. Therefore, when the website is restructured in such a manner that it is able to harvest as many sales as possible through effective promotion and interactive links that pick up and follow through on customer enquiries and interest, it would result in improvements in revenue for Domestic Appliance Services that would surpass the investment of  £3250 that the Company would need to make. On this basis, Domestic Appliance Services might like to consider hiring the services of the Consultancy to undertake a detailed examination of the existing website in order to identify any existing limitations and restructure the website. An initial assessment is offered on the basis of the following aspects (a) navigation (b) attractiveness of design (c) ease of use (d) attractiveness of interface. In terms of navigation, the site has some problems. For

Good Luck Chuck how love and sexuality are constructedrelated in the Essay

Good Luck Chuck how love and sexuality are constructedrelated in the movie - Essay Example A close analysis of the movie Good Luck Chuck in examination of how love and sexuality are constructed and related would prove that the modern texts of movies have great contribution to make towards the interest of Purdue students. It is on the basis of various elements in the relationship between love and sexuality that such an analysis of the movie needs to be carried out if the study should emerge with some implications to the Purdue students. In the introductory paragraph, we identified the movie Good Luck Chuck as a text which has got significant meaning to convey or communicate to the Purdue students in relation to love and sexuality and one may wonder how this movie becomes a text. The movie is a text that reads itself aloud to the audience the meaning and the relation between love and sexuality in the modern world. It means that, like a text of the conventional meaning, the movie has a great message to communicate to its audience which if listened to with utmost attention provides more meaning to life than an ordinary text of our understanding. Therefore, the movie Good Luck Chuck, though apparently just another comedy of life, assumes a greater role with immense implications and meanings in the modern environment. To exemplify, the climax of the movie tells how even the fate that had been indifferent all through Charlie's life turns in his favor acknowledging his insatiable efforts to overcome the same. This message is crystal-clear as if any conventional text would explain. It is in the recognition of this meaning that the movie realizes its meaning and scope and it acts as a text open to its audience. Only condition is that the audience needs to open this text and read for the implicit as well as explicit meaning in it. The implication of the meaning that the movie renders is that the movie itself with all its characteristic features such as the plot, theme, dialogues, symbols and pictorial images resides as if a great text of humanity in its love and sexual relation. When we look for some meaning in the protagonist's specific condition where he is able to have a single sexual relation with every lady he meets but cannot make the relation go ahead so as to end up in a celebrated love relation between the two, it reads, as a great text of life in its varied experience, that the construct that is called sexuality is entirely different from what we can gather about the concept of love. The text of the movie, we may conclude, makes a clear distinction between the concept of sexuality and love. What every human being is cherishing for at the end of each sexual relation is that the relation does not stop there, but reaches the greater stage, i.e. love. It is the same concept of love that drives Charlie fo rward to seek for an everlasting love relation with someone, remarkably Cam, rather than just enjoying a life of sexual satisfaction alone. The movie Good Luck Chuck, therefore, becomes an emblem all that human knowledge recognizes as the difference between love and sexuality. Here, sex is of momentary nature whereas love has a greater significance in human life with enduring value and implication. Not many a text would disseminate a greater message through its medium as the movie Good Luck Chuck does in establishing the real nature of sexuality and love. That is the reason why, movies are often considered