Creative Intelligence and Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Innovative Intelligence and Leadership - Essay Example In an authoritative setting, development will empower the business association to discover better approaches to working together that would make them serious in the commercial center. Configuration will improve their items and administrations while imagination will open unlimited prospects to the association to make open doors just as find new answers for existing issues. Or then again, propose new ways that can expose a current technique and procedures that would spare the organization assets and make it increasingly serious in the market. These three things are pivotal in meeting authoritative goals. Advancement, structure and inventiveness are capacities that empower associations to make and perform better at a lower cost. This is predictable with the organization’s destinations which isn't just to improve its main concern yet additionally to make the association important in the commercial center just as society by empowering it to make better items and administrations that doesn't just make benefit yet in addition serves society as

Marketing in Airline Industry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Advertising in Airline Industry - Essay Example So as to draw in clients and increment their unwaveringness, advertisers today attempt to connect their items with a component of administration appended to it. For instance, when a client purchases a vehicle, he appreciates the office of free help for the initial three years from the vehicle producer organization ((ICMR)). On the off chance that a merchandise and ventures are spoken to on a continuum with exceptionally substantial products on the outrageous left and profoundly immaterial administrations on the extraordinary right, the heap of merchandise and enterprises will fall some place along the center of the continuum. The business that has been chosen for conversation in this paper is the carrier business. The carrier business is controlled by the Ministry of Civil Aviation in the local market and by an arrangement of reciprocal assistance understandings in the universal market. The reciprocal help understandings manage the costs offered by different carriers, limit of the airplane, and the courses to be served by these aircrafts (Sky News). The fate of the carriers business relies upon the flight plans, take-off time, in-flight and air terminal assistance, wellbeing records, armada limit and proficiency, course recurrence, key coalitions with different aircrafts and organizations like inns, and so forth. Attributes of the aircraft business Aircraft industry is exceptionally serious. Rivalry is serious on the courses which are increasingly productive. The development of the business is firmly connected to monetary development. An aircraft seat is an impalpable and transitory great and henceforth advertisers need to take extraordinary consideration while defining their showcasing systems. Request is value versatile for example as the cost of administration goes down the interest goes up, and pay flexible for example at the point when the salary of everybody goes up, more individuals will in general travel via air. The gainfulness of a carrier increments, when the flight limit is appropriately used and the airplane invests less energy in the ground. There has been a progressive increment in the quantity of minimal effort aircraft which are in any case called the spending carriers in the avionics business throughout the most recent couple of years. The spending aircrafts are normally administrators who give minimal effort make a trip alternatives to the travelers. The spending carriers attempt and slice the aberrant expenses to the greatest conceivable degree. Travelers are not offered wet towels, dinners and so forth. Some of the time it might even happen that they don't much offer water to the travelers flying the spending carriers (Phillip). Promoting of Airlines Like some other industry, limited time exercises assume a significant job in the carrier business also. Carriers today offer alluring plans to charm clients. These incorporate long standing customer plans, extraordinary advantages, limits, bubbly season offs, endowments like electronic hardware or kitchen machines, access to club parlors, and unique limits with the collusion's business. Nature of administration can be a valuable device for carriers to increase an upper hand. This is on the grounds that travelers expect aircraft group to be productive, cordial and accommodating. In this way, proactive client direction is the need of great importance. Advertising Strategies Carriers must distinguish and wipe out non-esteem including cost and utilize the cash spared to offer better quality types of assistance. The organization should discover a specialty market and take into account it. Distinguishing and traveling to

Barriers to Seeking OCD Treatment

Barriers to Seeking OCD Treatment More in OCD Living With OCD Causes Symptoms and Diagnosis Treatment Types Related Conditions Although there are many  effective treatments  available for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), research suggests that only about one-third of people actually seek help for their OCD. Here we investigate why. Barriers to Seeking Help for OCD Studies examining why people don’t often seek help for OCD have revealed that there are many challenges or barriers to seeking treatment. Not Knowing Where or How to Get Treatment. People with OCD often say that they do not know where to seek treatment. Sometimes, even if they do know where to go, they may not have the financial resources necessary to pay for psychotherapy or other treatments. There are resources to help with financial difficulties, such as reduced costs for medication and therapists who provide treatment using a sliding scale fee, as well as resources to find places to get help.  Thinking Symptoms Are Not Severe Enough. It is not uncommon for people affected by OCD to put off going to the doctor unless they see their OCD symptoms as severe or experience multiple problems in addition to OCD, such as depression or panic disorder. Sometimes people dont want to admit that their symptoms are impacting their lives and that treatment can vastly improve their quality of life.Fear of Change.    Change can  be tough, especially when youre already dealing with an anxiety disorder like OCD. Getting help may feel like giving up control over your life, but it can actually help you gain more control.  Embarrassment. Understandably, people with OCD are often secretive about their problems and may be embarrassed about revealing the content of their obsessions to other people, especially if they have obsessions that deal with sex, violence, aggression or hoarding. Keep in mind that therapists have heard it all and are trained to help you get control over these upsetting thoughts and behaviors.  Fear of Rejection.  People with OCD fear the negative reactions or even rejection of others.Fear of Discrimination. Although it is illegal to discriminate against people with mental illness, people struggling with OCD are often worried that their illness will be used against them. For example, being fired is a common fear.Intimidation. For people with OCD who are visible minorities or whose first language isn’t English, visiting a physician or psychologist to discuss treatment options may be too intimida ting.Not Recognizing OCD Symptoms.  There are some lesser-known symptoms of OCD that may make it difficult for a person to recognize that they have OCD. There are actually a variety of ways in which OCD can manifest itself and many of the symptoms are not as recognizable as hand-washing or counting. These include procrastination, constantly seeking reassurance, a hard time making decisions, and asking questions repeatedly Where Can I Find OCD Help? If you feel you are experiencing symptoms of OCD, your first step should be to make an appointment with your family doctor to discuss treatment options. He/she can most likely refer you to a mental health professional. OCD Discussion Guide Get our printable guide to help you ask the right questions at your next doctors appointment. Download PDF In addition, there are a number of online resources that can help you locate the assistance that you need: National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) Locating Services: An online tool from the National Institute of Mental Health to help you locate mental health services. Treatment Providers: An online tool to locate treatment providers specializing in the treatment of OCD from the OCD Foundation. Support Group Search Tool: An online tool to locate OCD support groups in your area. OCD Intensive Treatment Programs: A list of OCD-intensive treatment programs within North America.

Communications in Business - Hewlett Packard - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1175 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Business Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? Communications in Business Hewlett Packard Page Our Global Commitment Recommendation 1 Recommendation 2 Challenges A Success Story References Our Global Commitment At HP, we plan to restore growth in the progress towards product innovation and advancing the wellbeing of people, strengthening the environment with a focus to opportunities of leadership and plans to succeed. HPà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s commitment to the United nations global compact as a active participant began in 2002, committed to growth in population, responding to climate change, managing increased information and the transformation of education across industries from an economic perspective with the introduction of leadership and innovative systems to collaborate with global communities effectively. In order to legitimise the global corporate commitment to the United Nations global compact, as part of a global network in compliance with ethical practices within its shareholder groups to maintain enhanced social and environmental performance in the Information Technology Industry. At Hewlett Packard we recognise the potential for new strategies to compliment the principles of the global compact. This report will outline recommendations that will ensure the compliance of standards in our local network from the global compact principles that will be achievable. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Communications in Business Hewlett Packard" essay for you Create order Principle 6: Businesses should uphold the elimination of discrimination in respect of employment and occupation. (The Ten Principles/ Principle 6 2014). Principle 8: Businesses should undertake initiatives to promote greater environmental responsibility. (The Ten Principles/ Principle 8 2014). Recommendation 1 Hewlett Packard has implement environment sustainability practices to facilitate projects that will benefit the environment and maintain sustainable living globally. The implementation of these practices would have introduced initiatives aimed to reduce green house gas emissions and carbon footprint on the environment. An Example of this practice is that we have introduced a carbon calculator to measure the impact it has had on the environment and we have developed an SER program to create awareness of the green house gas emissions usage with technology. This tool will assist in monitoring energy consumptions in a real time measuring the energy consumption levels and the need to conserve energy. We have also developed an energy efficient plant that is environmentally friendly .(First)The design of the sustainable building plant is significant in that it uses energy efficient material recyclable material and renewable energy and has proven beneficial to Hewlett Packardà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â €ž ¢s operations in reducing the risk of energy consumption costs globally. We will reduce the carbon footprint with the introduction of collaborative practices in technology and technology usage practice that address environment concerns and to ensure that environmental legislation in will not prevent our company from achieving its impact on sustainable practices. Environmental Initiatives developing products reducing the environmental footprint will include energy of computer and printer recycling waste programs. These environmental initiatives will reinforce the commitment of environmental concerns of CEO, environmental and technological teams and special interest groups. From the lessons learnt through the implementation of sustainable practices the benefit of energy consumption initiative to benefit the environment and global community. Benefits and Impact Society: Transparency in the CSR practices will create compliance with the United nations global compact as an accurate measure of the eff iciness in policies can benchmark CSR practices in protecting the rights and interests and regulations of the privacy policies and frameworks with accredited and sustainable and environmental affiliations by protecting the interest of consumers and investors. Investors: Ethical investments with industry groups can bring benefits to the investment of a positive corporate image by compliance with quality assurance and standards in reporting accountability and addressing environmental concerns regarding green house gas and the protection of data in the privacy policy. Employees: In the employment practices of student employees the creation of dispute resolution imitative and employment policy in CSR reports will provide trust and assurance in the compliance of safety standards met and enhance profitability, furthermore to maintain demographically concerned management of diversity and culturally awareness in the guidelines of employment practices will r ecognise leadership opportunities accountability in the privacy accountability framework in the triple bottom line reporting of the global community. Recommendation 2 Hewlett Packaged is committed to the proving transparent information related to the business labor and human rights practices accounting for its financial activities and corporate social responsibility actions in release of the corporate citizenship report listed on the United Nations global compact. The corporate citizenship report is transparent in the practices it promotes globally and is practiced by companies in many industries. The initiatives and practise implemented to the promote an ethical environmental free from human rights violations and a commitment to the fair dispute resolution policy including a dispute hotline created for student employed at Hewlett Packard. In the absence of labour laws across many regions globally, labour legislations need to align with the global standard of compliance in the fair treatment of employees. We learnt from this practice that this policy has raised legitimacy in using consistent global practises of managing labour concerns. We recog nise that due to limited policies and practices within the Information Technology Industry, from these lessons we have constructed a recommendation for the local network. Benefits and Impact Environment: Environmental emissions are reduce due to energy conservation and lowering the risk of carbon footprint impacting environmental legislation in applying energy efficient facilities and practices of recycling and waste management. Local Community: The board of members need to involve the minority groups of local communities through adult education programs and providing equal employment opportunities of disadvantaged communities and minority groups and employment of woman in association with wellbeing practices and empowerment. Shareholder: In considering environmental implications to protect its reputation HP, must take action to create energy efficient and innovative practices in order to proactively respond to the management of environmental disaster and to protect HPà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s reputation from legislative and financial implications towards loss of profits and customers. Special Interest Groups: Concerns in employment of woman in with special interest groups actively associated to welfare groups focused on improving the wellbeing of employed minority groups and society will improve the corporate branding recognition of a positive public image. Challenges The recommendations in support of business practices will be challenging in the engagement and collaboration of business and government including social interest groups. CSR Practices can be transparent in presenting its financial and environment data including ethical practices in the corporate citizenship report for consideration across all industries. To effectively implement practices to measure environmental performance legislative requirements must align to the business practices to manage risk to the environment and responsiveness to company human rights breaches. Recommendations which have not been addressed or implemented can lead to negative consequences affecting the global community from take proactive approaches to improving the global environment and sustainable living. A Success Story At HP we are committed our people, environment sustainability and product innovation to advancing wellbeing. We have continued to support and comply with principles of the global compact and adhere to the recommendations to collaborate effectively with the local network and maintaining a relationship of trust in the social contact and our stakeholders. The development of CSR initiatives will benefit and continue to support business networks and the global community. References

Dating Violence Prevention With At Risk Youth - 1857 Words

PS382: Research in Community Psychology Instructor: Kathleen Worton TA: Courtney Arseneau Mini Paper #3 Dating Violence Prevention with At-Risk Youth: A Controlled Outcome Evaluation Wednesday, November 19th, 2014 Amanda Sanichar, 100375850 Wilfrid Laurier University 1. Describe the program. What type of program is it? Who is served by the program? What are its inputs? Many people are involved in relationships in which they experience violence, including, but not limited to: physical, sexual, or emotional abuse and threats. Regrettably, the prevalence of domestic-violence among adults, and the ineffective treatment of adult-offenders in society, may suggest that alternative prevention strategies for relationship-violence are needed across the lifespan (Wolfe et al., 2003). Accordingly, adolescence can be seen as an ideal time during personal development for obtaining the necessary skills and knowledge that can ensure the growth and maturity of nonviolent relationships (Wolfe et al., 2003). The Youth Relationships Project (YRP) evaluated in this study, was a 4-year community-based intervention that aimed to prevent violence in dating-relationships among adolescents by, â€Å"focusing on positive alternatives to aggression-based interpersonal problem-solving and gender-based role expectations (Wolfe et al., 2003).† This program targeted 14-16-year-old adolescents in Southwestern Ontario, who were supported by Child Protective Services (CPS) agencies for reasonsShow MoreRelatedTeen Dating Violence : Teenage Dating1655 Words   |  7 Pages Teen Dating Violence Dawn Brown, Verronica Flowers, Michelle Marcak, Lisa Sprouse Dr. Brinda Mckinney, Instructor Arkansas State University NRS 3333 Women s Health August 12, 2016 â€Æ' Teen Dating Violence In 2013, the National Youth Risk Behavior Survey reported that 21% of female and 10% of male high school students experienced some form of physical and/or sexual dating violence. It was also reported that youth who are victims of dating violence in high school are at greater risk of victimizationRead MoreViolence Is Preventable And Extremely Imperative For Us Essay987 Words   |  4 PagesViolence is preventable and extremely imperative for us to detect the early signs of it. We need to take all prevention strategies for an account. For example, primary, secondary, and tertiary preventions are an appropriate approach for this matter. Dating violence is the topic that is going to be discussed in this reading. I decided to write about this topic because many people are in the dark when it comes to dating violence, and the substantial effects of it. Allow me the opportunity to expandRead MoreParent Child Communication : Risk Behaviors938 Words   |  4 Pagesthat parent child communic ation about risk behaviors can reduce the likelihood that adolescent will participate in these behaviors (Dilorio, McCarty, Denzmore Landis, 2007). In addition if parent-child communication is low risky behaviors such as alcohol use and risky sexual behaviors increase (Dilorio et al., 2007). In a literature by Olsen, Parra, Bennett (2010) it was found that quality communication and interactions with children and mothers reduced the risk of victimization in adolescent romanticRead MoreThe Negative Effects of Teenage Dating1512 Words   |  7 PagesThe Negative Effects of Teenage Dating Sean D. Foster Bellevue University The biggest threat about teenage dating is their inability to maintain a relationship. Teenagers mostly, do not understand the necessity of sustaining a relationship over a period of time. Therefore, frequent break ups and arguments lead to attempts of suicide, teenage pregnancy, STD’s, teen violence, and substance abuse. This happens due to lack of experience and a broader understanding of what relationships are (DasguptaRead MoreThe Link Between Child Abuse And Adult Physical And Mental Health Essay1532 Words   |  7 Pagesrelations to trauma exposure, posttraumatic stress, juvenile offenses, and teen dating violence. Other articles suggest adult criminal behaviors, incarceration and parenting styles of those who were abused as children. This paper examines the relationship within one another of how child abuse affects those children in later years and stages of life. Introduction According to The Federal Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act, child abuse is defined as â€Å"Any recent act or failure toRead MoreInformation And Preventive Measures On Domestic Abuse Essay1875 Words   |  8 Pagesabuse are improving, yet much less is known about violence in the form of dating. 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However, they have become even more prevalent in schools in the recent past. In the student survey component of the 1995 National Crime Victimization Survey, more than one third (37%) of the students reported gangs at their schools and the percentage of students reporting theRead MoreTeen Dating Violence : Research2459 Words   |  10 PagesTeen Dating Violence Research on adolescent dating violence (DV) is limited, even though it is a risk factor for adult intimate partner violence (IPV). IPV is a serious health concern that is linked to depression, eating disorders, substance abuse, sexually transmitted diseases, and pregnancy (De Grace Clarke, 2012). According to The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 2016), teen dating violence is defined as the physical, sexual, psychological, or emotional violence within a dating

Fasb Topics Research Paper Free Essays

Adjustments to Lower of Cost or Market 330-10-35-1 A departure from the cost basis of pricing the inventory is required when the utility of the goods is no longer as great as their cost. Where there is evidence that the utility of goods, in their disposal in the ordinary course of business, will be less than cost The inventory has a financial importance as it is purchased and recorded at its historical cost or original cost. With respect to a perpetual inventory system, inventory accounts are continually controlled as goods are purchased and placed directly into the inventory account and then later taken out when sold. We will write a custom essay sample on Fasb Topics Research Paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now Therefore the inventory is properly recognized within the period it is sold. Furthermore valuing the inventory with FIFO correctly reports the ending inventory at its market value. When ending inventory is reported at market value, before making proper year adjustments unexpected changes occur in the ordinary course of business causing the market to be lower then the cost basis of the inventory. This departure from the cost basis of pricing the inventory requires the utility of inventory is no longer as great as its original cost. The ASC allows assets to be valued with Lower of Cost or Market when evidence is proving the future utility of the inventory drops below its historical cost. The determination of the businesses cost basis for their current inventory and determination of the market calls for ruling the LCM with the conservatism principal to resolve the issue between these two divergent amounts (original cost of inventory and the market). Justification for applying Lower of Cost Or Market is the recognition of the holding loss resulting from the market being less then the company’s current inventory. Which requires a decision between reporting the inventory at its actual cost or it’s replacement cost. The conservatism principle applies with LCM by reporting the inventory on the balance sheet at replacement cost in the period it occurred also recognizing the loss in the income statement during that same period. Therefore the inventory is reported at its net realizable value on the balance sheet, and the reduction (holding loss) is properly recorded on the income statement. Question 2. Your company has acquired land that is not undergoing activities necessary to get it ready for its intended use. You have been told to capitalize interest costs (the lesser of the actual or avoidable interest costs) associated with the acquisition of the land. Should you capitalize any interest costs? FASB ASC CITATION: Capitalization of Interest 35-20-25-3 The capitalization period shall begin when the following three conditions are present: a. Expenditures for the asset have been made. ? b. Activities that are necessary to get the asset ready for its intended use are in progress. ? c. Interest cost is being incurred. ? Interest capitalization shall continue as long as those three conditions are present. We recognize the general facts stated; the land for the businesses investment is purchased, and with respe ct to the land, activities have not been started yet to prepare it for the intended use deeming it as an asset or investment. In order for the land to be considered expenditure, it would to prove it meets ASC’s three requirements of capitalization of interest. The land generally speaking the land must be capitalized to provide evidence capitalization rates will be applied, which furthermore qualifies the land to have payments of cash, transfer of other assets, or accruing the liability of recognized interest. Only if the activities of the land are in preparation for its intended use then capitalization of interest is added to the construction of the long-term asset. From a current stand point of the land, expenditures for the land have not been made yet, the activity required for its intended use is not undergoing, and therefore interest cost incurred can not be capitalized but rather expensed on the current periods of the income statement. With respect to the facts stated on the lands current progress the interest incurred can not be capitalized. Question 3: You are to allocate an asset retirement cost (initiated by an asset retirement obligation). What guidance is given over the manner in hich the asset retirement cost should be allocated to expense? FASB ASC CITATION: 410-20-35-2 An entity shall subsequently allocate that asset retirement cost to expense using a systematic and rational method over its useful life. Asset retirement obligation requires properly allocating the asset retirement cost over the assets life of the asset. The allocation of asset retirement cost that is initiated by the asset retirement obligation includes items that t hat fall under FASB’s issued Statement of Financial Accounting Concepts also known as SFAC No. 6 â€Å"Elements of Financial Statements. The proper manner of allocating requires the retirement cost to be properly measured, recognized, and recorded when involving elements in the financial statements. The measurement of the asset must be measured properly at its historical cost. During the ordinary process a business has outflows or using up of its assets in which the expenses are then recognized under the SFAC No. 6 as Expense Recognition Principle. During the period the assets are used up from operational procedures (delivery, and production). The expense accounts recognize accumulated depreciated cost of the asset over its useful life until it fully depreciated. The combination of the assets cost minus its accumulated depreciation results the asset to its net realizable value, when fully depreciated the net amount will have a zero value. The retired asset must then be properly reported in the balance sheet. When a company decides to retire an asset it must reflects the cost properly in the financial statements. When circumstance arise and its liability of the retirement obligation incur over more reporting periods, the incurring liabilities must be considered as an additional liability over the original liability of allocating the retirement costs. Thus stated the business must recognize and measured as an additional liability (layer) at its fair value. Furthermore guidance to allocate the retirement cost must be expensed in the required systematic way over its useful life. Applying the allocation method doesn’t enable the business from capitalizing any amounts of retirement costs and allocating the same amount to the expense account in the same period. Question 4: A warehouse located in Central Iowa was destroyed by an earthquake, the first earthquake ever reported in Central Iowa. You are questioned why you reported it as an extraordinary item, net of tax, rather than a â€Å"normal† loss related to the business operations. FASB ASC CITATION: EXTRAODINARY and UNUSAL ITEMS 225-20-45-2 Extraordinary items are events and transactions that are distinguished by their unusual nature and by the infrequency of their occurrence. When reporting extraordinary and unusual items in the income statement some requirements must be met upon reporting the items. The extraordinary items are events and transactions that are 1. Unusual in nature meaning that underlying event or transaction has a high degree of abnormality that it is unrelated to and 2. Infrequent in occurrence meaning its underlying event or transitions is not reasonably expected to recur in the future. The ASC requires that both of the criteria stated above must bet met in order to report any items as extraordinary or unusual. Reporting extraordinary items in the income statement will be reported by its gross amount and then at net after deducting the income tax expense or saving associated with the item. With respect to Iowa, reporting the warehouse as an extraordinary item from the result of an infrequent earthquake that was unusual in nature since this was the first occurring earth quake ever reported and infrequent because it is a natural disaster and therefore cannot be considered part of normal business operations. Furthermore deeming the warehouse as an extraordinary item. How to cite Fasb Topics Research Paper, Essays

What Should Be Included In A Prohibition Essay Example For Students

What Should Be Included In A Prohibition Essay I. IntroductionII. Early prohibitionA. During 1800sB. During 1920III. The 18th AmendmentA. Who came up with it. B. How and when it was enforced. IV. Mob involvement in ProhibitionA. Sherman Billingsley1. Early years2. Later yearsB. George Remus1. Early years2. Later yearsC. Mob in ChicagoD. Mob in DetroitV. The art of Rum RunningA. Who founded it. We will write a custom essay on What Should Be Included In A Prohibition specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now B. How it was enforced. VI. Steps toward repealA. Who wanted it. B. Why they wanted it. VII. The End of ProhibitionA. When and why it happened. B. Effects of Prohibition ending. ProhibitionThe purpose of this paper is to tell about Prohibition, tell about early prohibition, and about the 18th Amendment. Ill also tell about the mob involvement in Prohibition and the steps towards repeal. Prohibition started before it even started. Prior to the Civil War, most states enacted in prohibition laws, but most of them were repealed before 1865. Then in 1900, Maine, Kansas, and North Dakota adopted a firm prohibition law. Then in 1907, Georgia adopted one. In 1908, in Oklahoma, and in 1909 Mississippi, North Carolina, and Tennessee did adopt one too. Andrew Volstead of Minnesota introduced the act in 1919 to Congress and forever after was called the Volstead Act. The law defined as it prohibited intoxicating liquors as those with an alcoholic content of more than 0.5 percent, although it made concessions for liquors sold for medical and industrial purpose, and for fruit and grape drinks prepared in homes for personal use. The hope of the Volstead Act was the reduce public drunkness and of alcohol-related crime, imprisonments, and hospitalizations. To enforce this law the government hired federal agents to enforce different areas of the Unites States. The agents had the power to take the police on a raid of a suspected speakeasy (an illegal bar) or a suspected warehouse. Officially at midnight on January 16, 1920, America went dry. Prohibition is better than no liquor at all. as Will Rogers Then came along the people to fill in the large demand for liquor and the Mob looked at this as a big step for them. A lot of the big names began when they were very young. Sherman Billinsgley began when he was twelve years old. He sold bootleg liquor out of a drugstore. He was arrested first in Seattle for breaking liquor laws. By the age of 17, he ran bootleg liquor from Canada to three speakeasies that he was running. Then at age 19, he went back to selling medical liquor, but now on the Bronx. From there Sherman Billingsley made another step. He became the owner and founder of the Stock Club, located in New York. The Stock Club was the m ost famous speakeasy in America. People from all around tried to get into Billingsleys club. Another man who was very big at this time was George Remus. He never graduated from high school, but he became one of the richest men of the time. He went to night school and studied law, while running two drugstores, and acting as an unlicensed doctor and also rasing a family. At the age of 24, he admitted himself to the Illinois bar and started his own business. One of Remuss clients was Johnny Touris, one of Chicagos first bootleggers and speakeasy king. When Johnny and one of his men got into trouble Remus tried to get them off. After about a year Remus realized how big the market was. Because Remus saw how big the market was he moved to Cleveland and started buying all the distilleries that he could find throughout America. Of all the distilleries that Remus bought were the Fleischmann, Old Lexington Club, Rugby, Glendale, and the Squibb, which was the largest in the country. The Fleischmann cost him $197,000, but it came with thirty-one hundred barrels. We never poisoned anybod y. We sold good liquor and we didnt cut it. George Remus said to one of his workers in the large number of alcohol poisoning related deaths. By 1922 George Remus had a monopoly on whiskey. The only downfall of George Remus was his over-confidence and his excessive greed. And because of this he went to Atlanta for two years for bootlegging. .uc8082e606d8e43935419aaca649710c5 , .uc8082e606d8e43935419aaca649710c5 .postImageUrl , .uc8082e606d8e43935419aaca649710c5 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc8082e606d8e43935419aaca649710c5 , .uc8082e606d8e43935419aaca649710c5:hover , .uc8082e606d8e43935419aaca649710c5:visited , .uc8082e606d8e43935419aaca649710c5:active { border:0!important; } .uc8082e606d8e43935419aaca649710c5 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc8082e606d8e43935419aaca649710c5 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc8082e606d8e43935419aaca649710c5:active , .uc8082e606d8e43935419aaca649710c5:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc8082e606d8e43935419aaca649710c5 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc8082e606d8e43935419aaca649710c5 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc8082e606d8e43935419aaca649710c5 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc8082e606d8e43935419aaca649710c5 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc8082e606d8e43935419aaca649710c5:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc8082e606d8e43935419aaca649710c5 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc8082e606d8e43935419aaca649710c5 .uc8082e606d8e43935419aaca649710c5-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc8082e606d8e43935419aaca649710c5:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: By: kim EssayDuring prohibition the mobsters fought to control the market. In Chicago, the fight was between Dion OBanion and highly respected Al Capone. The biggest battle between the two superpowers was the St. Valentine Day Massacre. In Chicago alone there were over 500 murders during prohibition. For the mobsters to stay in business they had to pay off cops to stay out of their business activities. Theys pay them less than three thousand a year, but during the time that was plenty for the cops. And come of the mobsters payed off district attorneys and other people high in command anywhere from $40,000 to $50,000 to wear blinders. But there was some law in the United Stated. Two federal agents from New York, named Izzy Einstein and Moe Smith, made over 4,000 arrests. As whiskey was coming from Canada there was rum coming from the Caribbean. The king of the Rum runners was named Bill McCoy. McCoys operation was to take the loaded boat from the Caribbean up to the New York area and then a bunch of smell boats would come out to his boat and unload the run and within hours, it was sold. Just as fast as prohibition became a law, when time came for repeal, it was repealed just as fast. Groups like the Anti-Saloon League (ASL) and the Association Against the Prohibition Amendment (AAPA) succeed with the repeal vote, with seventy-three percent in favor of the 21st Amendment. On December 5, 1933, President Roosevelt signed the proclamation ending prohibition. The Noble experiment didnt end with a band, but rather the sound of corks popping and glasses clinking.

Critically discuss the Strategy in Action of Tesco plc The WritePass Journal

Critically discuss the Strategy in Action of Tesco plc INTRODUCTION Critically discuss the Strategy in Action of Tesco plc INTRODUCTIONPESTEL FRAMEWORK 2.1 Political Factors2.2 EconomicalFactors2.3Social/CulturalFactors2.4 Technological Factors2.5 Environmental FactorsPORTERS FIVE FORCES8.0 CONCLUSIONRelated INTRODUCTION Tesco plc is the food and drink retail sector represents the major industry in the UK, providing, manufacturing, employment for over three million people in the main production and retailing. In 2004 retail accounted for 9% of (GDP) gross domestic product (Datamonitor, 2003). In latest years UK supermarkets have come under increased analysis over their management of suppliers, yet the increase of strategic supply networks has been essential part of largely supermarket strategies for the past decade. This report is provides Tesco, with emphasis on its external environment and companys analysis of resources, competence and culture strategic and   the resources based on strategies. One of the largest food retailers in the world,   Tesco operating about 2,319 stores and employing over 325,000 people. It provides online services through its subsidiary, Tesco.com. The UK largest market   company   where it operates under four banners of Superstore, Extra,   Metro and Express. The company sells about 40,000 food products, non-food lines, clothing and other. The companys own-label products are at three levels, normal and finest, value,. As well as convenience produce, several stores have gas stations, becoming one of Britains largest independent petrol retailers. Other retailing services Tesco Personal Finance. PESTEL FRAMEWORK 2.1 Political Factors the company Operating in a globalized environment. Tesco has   stores around the world now operates   in the Republic of Ireland, Europe   , Slovakia, Poland , Czech Republic, Hungary and Turkey. It also operates in Asia in Thailand Japan Taiwan, South Korea,   and Malaysia it is performance is greatly influenced by the political and legislative situation of these countries, including the (EU). For employment  Ã‚   the government encourages retailers to provide a mix flexible   job opportunities, lower-paid and locally-based jobs to highly-skilled, higher- located jobs paid and centrally- (Balchin, 1994). Moreover to meet the demand from population categories such as working parents senior citizens and Students. 2.2 EconomicalFactors Tesco economic factors are of concern, because they are likely to influence demand, prices profits, and costs. One of the mainly influential factors on the economy is high unemployment levels, which decreases the effective demand for several goods. The economic factors are largely outside the control of the company, but their effects the marketing and performance can be deep. while international business is still increasing (Appendix A), and is expected to contribute better amounts to Tescos income over the next few years, the company is still highly dependent on the   market. therefore, it   would be badly affected by any slowdown exposed to the market concentration risks and in the UK food   market 2.3Social/CulturalFactors present trends show that British customers have moved towards ‘bulk shopping, which is due to a range of social changes. Tesco have, therefore, improved the quantity of non-food stuff available for sale. Demographic changes such as the aging of people, the female workers   are increase and a decline in preparation home meal mean that UK retailers are also focusing on services and added-value products . adding, the focus is now towards; the share of the   own-label in business mix, the operational improvements and   supply chain , which can drive costs out of the business. National retailers are increasingly reticent to take on new suppliers (Datamonitor Report, 2003Clarke, Bennison and Guy,1994;). The type of goods and services demanded by customers is a meaning of their consequent attitudes and beliefs and social conditioning . customers are becoming more and more aware of their attitudes towards food are constantly changing and   health issues. For instance   to accommodate an increased demand for organic products Tesco adapting the product mix, and also the first company   to allow customers to pay in cash and cheques at the checkout. 2.4 Technological Factors Technology is a main macro-environmental changeable which has influenced the increase of several   Tesco products. The new technologies benefit the company and customers satisfaction raises because services can become more personalised and shopping more convenient, goods are readily and available.The launch of the Efficient Consumer Response initiative provided the shift that is now apparent in the management of food supply chains (Datamonitor Report, 2003 2.5 Environmental Factors In 2003, there has been improved pressure on several companies and managers to admit their responsibility to society. (Johnson and Scholes, 2003) The major societal concern threatening food retailers has been environmental issues, a key region for companies to proceed in a socially responsible way. therefore, by recognizing this tendency in the broad ethical stance, the company   corporate social responsibility is concerned through the ways in which an organization exceeds the minimum obligations to stakeholders particular through regulation and business governance PORTERS FIVE FORCES Threat of New Entrants The UK grocery market is mainly   dominated by   competitors, including the major brands of Tesco ,Sainsburys   Safeway ,and   Asda, that   take a market share of 70% and small chains of Somerfield,   Waitrose and Budgens   with a further 10%. Over the last 30 years, Ritz (2005), the grocery market has been changed into the supermarket-dominated business. The   Majority of the large chains have built their power due to operating efficiency, major marketing-mix expenditure and one-stop shopping. This power had a large impact on the small traditional shops, such as, bakers, butchers and etc. therefore, these days it possesses a strong barrier for new companies who want to enter the grocery market. For example, it becomes rather difficult for new entrants to increase sufficient capital because of large fixed costs and highly developed supply chains.   in   advanced technology This is also evident in huge investments done by large chains, like T esco, for stock control systems that impact new entrants and the existing ones and checkouts . Other barriers include economies of scale achieved by Tesco. Bargaining Powerof Suppliers This force   that can be influenced by major grocery chains and that fear of losing their business to the large supermarkets. Therefore, this consolidates more leading positions of stores like Tesco and Asda in negotiating better     prices from suppliers that small individual chains are unable to match Ritz (2005).   UK based suppliers are also threatened by the rising ability of   retailers to source their products from abroad at cheaper deals. The relationship with sellers can have same effects in constraining the strategic freedom of the company and in influencing its margins. The forces of competitive rivalry have reduced the profit margins for suppliers and supermarket chains. Bargaining Power of Customers   Porter M. (1980) more products that become standardized or undifferentiated, the lower the switching cost, and therefore, more power is yielded to buyers. Tescos famous loyalty card – Club card remains the successful customer retention strategy that   increases the profitability of Tescos business. In meeting   customer needs, better choices, customizing service, ensure low prices,   constant flow of in-store promotions like Tesco enables brands to control and retain their customer base. In recent years the   food retailing has   changed   due to a large demand of consumers doing the majority of their shopping in supermarkets that shows a larger need for supermarkets to sell non-food items.   Also it has provided supermarkets with a new strategic expansion into new markets of banking. moreover Consumers have become more aware of the issues surrounding fairer trade and the influence of western consumers on the expectations and asp irations of Third World producers. Ethically and ecologically benign sound production of consumer produce such as coffee, tea, and cocoa is viable, and such products are widely available at the majority of large chains. Threat of Substitutes for a particular product General substitution is able to reduce demand, while there is a threat of consumers switching to the alternatives Porter M. (1980). In the grocery industry this can be seen in the form of the substitute of need or product-for-product     and is further weakened by new trends, such as the way small chains of convenience stores are emerging in the industry. In this case Tesco is trying to acquire existing small-scale operations and opening Express and Metro stores in city centres and local towns   Ritz (2005). 3.5Bargaining Powerof Competitors The grocery environment has seen a very significant growth in the size and market dominance of the larger players, with greater store size, increased retailer concentration, and the utilisation of a range of formats, which are now prominent characteristics of the sector. As it was mentioned above, the purchasing power of the food-retailing industry is concentrated in the hands of a relatively small number of retail buyers. Operating in a mature, flat market where growth is difficult (a driver of the diversification into non-food areas), and consumers are increasingly demanding and sophisticated, large chains as Tesco are accruing large amounts of consumer information that can be used to communicate with the consumer Ritz (2005). This highly competitive market has fostered an accelerated level of development, resulting in a situation in which UK grocery retailers have had to be innovative to maintain and build market share. Such innovation can be seen in the development of a range of trading formats, in response to changes in consumer behaviour. The dominant market leaders have responded by refocusing on price and value, whilst reinforcing the added value elements of their service. SWOTAnalysis   mus,,,, Tesco is the top grocer and leading retailer in its home market of the UK. Pitched at the broad middle mass-market, it has maintained its position through a clear focus, well targeted product offer and excellent record both in product and format innovation. Tesco also leads the world in online grocery retailing. In the UK the company concentrates on running grocery superstores, c-stores and an online service. Elsewhere the focus is usually on hypermarkets. In 2003, the groups trading record around Europe and UK has been outstanding. The full SWOT analysis of Tesco is presented in Appendix B, summarizing the key issues from the business environment and the strategic capability, including resources and competence, of the company that are most likely to impact on strategy development Strengths Increasing market share: Tesco holds a 13% share of the UK retail market. Its multi-format capability means that it will continue to grow share in food, while increasing space contribution from hypermarkets will allow it to drive a higher share in non-food. Tescos general growth and ROI show no sign of abating: In the UK, Tescos late 2002 investment into West-midlands based convenience store group TS was billed as the most aggressive move into the neighborhood market by a big-name retailer so far. The deal has turned Tesco into the countrys second biggest convenience store chain after the Co-operative Group, and the company also plans to open up 59 new stores in the UK this year. Tesco has grown its non-food division to the extent that its revenues now total 23% of total group earnings. Tescos international business segment is growing steadily, and is predicted to contribute nearly a quarter of group profits over the next five years. If geographical spread continues to grow, this will ensure Tescos continued regional strength. Insurance: In fiscal 2003 Tesco Personal Finance reached the milestone of one million motor insurance policies, making it the fastest growing motor insurance providerever.The groups instant travel insurance allows Clubcard holders to buy their holiday insurance conveniently at the checkout. Pet insurance now has over 330,000 cats and dogs covered, while the life insurance policy followed on from the success of last year, when it was voted The Most Competitive Life Insurance Provider in the MoneyFacts Awards 2003. Tesco online: Tesco.com is the worlds biggest online supermarket and this year the group had sales of over  £577 million, an increase of 29% on last year. Tesco online now operates in over 270 stores around the country, covering 96% of the UK. With over a million households nationwide having used the companys online services, the company has a strong platform to further develop this revenue stream. Brand value: Profits for Tescos operations in Europe, Asia and Ireland increased by 78% during the last fiscal year. The company has a strong brand image, and is associated with good quality, trustworthy goods that represent excellent value. Tescos innovative ways of improving the customer shopping experience, as well as its efforts to branch out into finance and insurance have also capitalized on this. UK market leadership reinforced: Since acquiring number one ranking in 1996, Tesco has developed a successful multiformat strategy that has accelerated its advantage. Its UK sales are now 71% larger than Sainsburys. Also the Competition Commissions report makes it very difficult for a competitor to challenge its scale and has effectively scuppered Wal-Marts chances of stealing UK leadership. Therefore, Tesco is in an enormously strong position in its domestic market. Weaknesses Reliance upon the UK market: Although international business is still growing, and is expected to contribute greater amounts to Tescos profits over the next few years, the company is still highly dependent on the UK market (73.8% of 2003 revenues). While this isnt a major weakness in the short term, any changes in the UK supermarket industry over the next year for example, like the Morrisons group successfully purchasing the Safeway chain could alter the balance of UK supermarket power, and affect share. Debt reduction: Tesco is not expected to reduce its debt until at least 2006. Tesco has a large capital expenditure program mainly due to its huge investment in space for new stores. Since its expansion is so aggressive, Tesco has little free cash for any other operations. Signs point to serial acquisitions: With an enterprise value of  £23 billion, Tesco clearly has enormous firepower. Also, its product range is vast and almost any acquisition can be justified, particularly in the UK. While fill the gap strategy would be useful to the company, as has been the case with the UK convenience market, there is the danger of Tesco becoming a serial acquirer, as this tends to reduce earnings visibility and quality. 8.0 CONCLUSION The success of the Tesco shows how far the branding and effective service delivery can come in moving beyond splashing ones logo on a billboard. It had fostered powerful identities by making their retiling concept into a virus and spending it out into the culture via a variety of channels: cultural sponsorship, political controversy, consumer experience and brand extensions. In a rapidly changing business environment with a high competitors pressure Tesco have to adopt new expansion strategies or diversified the existing in order to sustain its leading market position in an already established retailing market. The company must constantly adapt to the fast changing circumstances. Strategy formulation should therefore be regarded as a process of continuous learning, which includes learning about the goals, the effect of possible actions towards these goals and how to implement and execute these actions. The quality of a formulated strategy and the speed of its implementation will therefore directly depend on the quality of Tescos cognitive and behavioural learning processes. In large organizations as Tesco strategy should be analysed and implemented at various levels within the hierarchy. These different levels of strategy should be related and mutually supporting. Tescos strategy at a corporate level defines the businesses in which Tesco will compete, in a way that focuses resources to convert distinctive competence into competitive advantage

Personal Pronouns in Japanese

Personal Pronouns in Japanese A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun. In English, examples of pronouns include I, they, who, it, this, none and so on. Pronouns perform a variety of grammatical functions and are thus heavily used is most languages. There are many subtypes of pronouns such as  personal pronouns,  reflexive  pronouns,  possessive pronouns,  demonstrative pronouns, and more. Japanese vs English Pronoun Usage The use of Japanese personal pronouns is quite different from English. They are not used as often as their English counterparts, though there are a variety of pronouns in Japanese depending on the gender or the style of speech. If the context is clear, the Japanese prefer not to use the personal pronouns. It is important to learn how to use them, but also important to understand how not to use them. Unlike English, there is no strict rule to have a grammatical subject in a sentence. How to Say I Here are the different ways one can say I depending on the situation and to whom one is speaking to, whether it be a superior or a close friend. watakushi ã‚ Ã£ Å¸Ã£  Ã£ â€" - very formalwatashi ã‚ Ã£ Å¸Ã£ â€" - formalboku (male) Ã¥Æ'•, atashi (female) 㠁‚㠁Ÿã â€" - informalore (male) ä ¿ º - very informal How to Say You The following are the different ways of saying you depending on the circumstances. otaku 㠁Šã Å¸Ã£   - very formalanata 㠁‚㠁 ªÃ£ Å¸ - formalkimi (male) Ã¥ â€º - informalomae (male) 㠁Šå‰ , anta 㠁‚ん㠁Ÿ- very informal Japanese Personal Pronoun Usage Among these pronouns, watashi and anata are the most common. However, as mentioned above, they are often omitted in conversation. When addressing your superior, anata is not appropriate and should be avoided. Use the persons name instead. Anata is also used by wives when they address their husbands. Omae is sometimes used by husbands when addressing their wives, though it sounds a little bit old-fashioned. Third Person Pronouns The pronouns for the third person are kare (he) or kanojo (she). Rather than using these words, it is preferred to use the persons name or describe them as ano hito (that person). It is not necessary to include gender. Here are some sentence examples: Kyou Jon ni aimashita.ä »Å Ã¦â€" ¥Ã£â€š ¸Ã£Æ' §Ã£Æ' ³Ã£  «Ã¤ ¼Å¡Ã£ â€žÃ£  ¾Ã£ â€"㠁Ÿã€‚I saw him (John) today.Ano hito o shitte imasu ka.㠁‚㠁 ®Ã¤ º ºÃ£â€šâ€™Ã§Å¸ ¥Ã£  £Ã£  ¦Ã£ â€žÃ£  ¾Ã£ â„¢Ã£ â€¹Do you know her? Additionally, kare or kanojo often means a boyfriend or a girlfriend. Here are the terms used in a sentence: Kare ga imasu ka.Ã¥ ½ ¼Ã£ Å'㠁„㠁 ¾Ã£ â„¢Ã£ â€¹Do you have a boyfriend?Watashi no kanojo wa kangofu desu.ç § Ã£  ®Ã¥ ½ ¼Ã¥ ¥ ³Ã£  ¯Ã§Å"‹è ­ ·Ã¥ © ¦Ã£  §Ã£ â„¢My girlfriend is a nurse. Plural Personal Pronouns To make plurals, a suffix ~ tachi (é â€) is added like watashi-tachi (we) or anata-tachi (you plural). The suffix ~ tachi can be added to not only pronouns but to some other nouns referring to people. For example, kodomo-tachi (Ã¥ ­ Ã¤ ¾â€ºÃ© â€) means children. For the word anata, the suffix ~ gata (æâ€" ¹) is used sometimes to make it plural instead of using ~ tachi. Anata-gata (㠁‚㠁 ªÃ£ Å¸Ã¦â€" ¹) is more formal than anata-tachi. The suffix ~ ra (ら) is also used for kare, such as karera (they).

HFSD Coursework Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

HFSD Coursework - Essay Example Our consultancy services include an exhaustive evaluation of the existing website of Domestic Appliance Services to identify any limitations which exist. Additionally, recommendations would also be made on improvements and steps would be taken to restructure the website in such a manner that it would be able to attract more custom. The consultancy services involve charges of $650 per day. The process of assessment of the website and preparing a written report, followed by implementation of restructuring plans for the website would involve a period of about five days, which amounts to a total investment expense of  £3250. This would be a one time expense rather than a recurring one and when offset against the losses that are happening on a daily basis through lost business, it could prove to be an investment that would be recovered within a day or so. The cost of an individual appliance is itself in about that range. For every sale that is lost, there is a potential loss of several thousands of dollars. Therefore, when the website is restructured in such a manner that it is able to harvest as many sales as possible through effective promotion and interactive links that pick up and follow through on customer enquiries and interest, it would result in improvements in revenue for Domestic Appliance Services that would surpass the investment of  £3250 that the Company would need to make. On this basis, Domestic Appliance Services might like to consider hiring the services of the Consultancy to undertake a detailed examination of the existing website in order to identify any existing limitations and restructure the website. An initial assessment is offered on the basis of the following aspects (a) navigation (b) attractiveness of design (c) ease of use (d) attractiveness of interface. In terms of navigation, the site has some problems. For

Good Luck Chuck how love and sexuality are constructedrelated in the Essay

Good Luck Chuck how love and sexuality are constructedrelated in the movie - Essay Example A close analysis of the movie Good Luck Chuck in examination of how love and sexuality are constructed and related would prove that the modern texts of movies have great contribution to make towards the interest of Purdue students. It is on the basis of various elements in the relationship between love and sexuality that such an analysis of the movie needs to be carried out if the study should emerge with some implications to the Purdue students. In the introductory paragraph, we identified the movie Good Luck Chuck as a text which has got significant meaning to convey or communicate to the Purdue students in relation to love and sexuality and one may wonder how this movie becomes a text. The movie is a text that reads itself aloud to the audience the meaning and the relation between love and sexuality in the modern world. It means that, like a text of the conventional meaning, the movie has a great message to communicate to its audience which if listened to with utmost attention provides more meaning to life than an ordinary text of our understanding. Therefore, the movie Good Luck Chuck, though apparently just another comedy of life, assumes a greater role with immense implications and meanings in the modern environment. To exemplify, the climax of the movie tells how even the fate that had been indifferent all through Charlie's life turns in his favor acknowledging his insatiable efforts to overcome the same. This message is crystal-clear as if any conventional text would explain. It is in the recognition of this meaning that the movie realizes its meaning and scope and it acts as a text open to its audience. Only condition is that the audience needs to open this text and read for the implicit as well as explicit meaning in it. The implication of the meaning that the movie renders is that the movie itself with all its characteristic features such as the plot, theme, dialogues, symbols and pictorial images resides as if a great text of humanity in its love and sexual relation. When we look for some meaning in the protagonist's specific condition where he is able to have a single sexual relation with every lady he meets but cannot make the relation go ahead so as to end up in a celebrated love relation between the two, it reads, as a great text of life in its varied experience, that the construct that is called sexuality is entirely different from what we can gather about the concept of love. The text of the movie, we may conclude, makes a clear distinction between the concept of sexuality and love. What every human being is cherishing for at the end of each sexual relation is that the relation does not stop there, but reaches the greater stage, i.e. love. It is the same concept of love that drives Charlie fo rward to seek for an everlasting love relation with someone, remarkably Cam, rather than just enjoying a life of sexual satisfaction alone. The movie Good Luck Chuck, therefore, becomes an emblem all that human knowledge recognizes as the difference between love and sexuality. Here, sex is of momentary nature whereas love has a greater significance in human life with enduring value and implication. Not many a text would disseminate a greater message through its medium as the movie Good Luck Chuck does in establishing the real nature of sexuality and love. That is the reason why, movies are often considered

Bertolt Brecht, LeRoi Jones and Antonin Artaud :: LeRoi Jones Dutchman

Bertolt Brecht, LeRoi Jones and Antonin Artaud In LeRoi Jones's play, "Dutchman," elements of realism, naturalism and non-realism abound. The play features characters such as Clay, a twenty-year-old Negro, Lula, a thirty-year-old white woman, both white and black passengers on a subway coach, a young Negro and a conductor. All of these characters take a ride that, for each, ends with different destinations and leaves the audience to sort through the details and find conclusions themselves. In this play, Jones uses realistic, naturalistic and non-realistic elements to convey social issues such as racism in the author's own disillusioned style. Jones's portrayal is supported with the influences of Bertolt Brecht and Antonin Artaud, whose own disillusionment enhanced their works and greatly diversified theatrical conventions. "Dutchman" is a play that should be talked about by its audience so they can take part cleanse themselves of the issues within, therefore, as many conclusions can be drawn by the individuals exposed in this play as there are numbers of people that have seen or read it. Realism and naturalism arose out of a world which was increasingly becoming scientifically advanced. Airplanes,railroads, automobiles, steamboats and communication advances such as television, radio, the telephone and the telegraph increased the speed and the amount of information that human beings can send. Realism and naturalism " . . . arose in part as responses to those new social and philosophical conditions (Cameron and Gillespie, pg. 335)." Following in a realistic style, Jones sets his play in contemporary times and in a contemporary place- the subway. Jones sets the scene with a man sitting in a subway seat while holding a magazine. Dim and flickering lights and darkness whistle by against the glass window to his right. These aesthetic adornments give the illusion of speed associated with subway travel. Realists believed that the most effective purpose of art was to improve humanity by portraying contemporary life and its problems in realistic settings. Jones depicts racism and murder in a modern setting to remind us that racism and racially motivated murders are not issues only relegated to our nation's past, nor is the issue of institutionalized racism. Jones also used non-realistic elements in his play and was probably influenced by Bertolt Brecht in doing so. Brecht once wrote that " . . . to think, or write or produce a play also means to transform society, to transform the state, to subject ideologies to close scrutiny (Goosens, 1997)." Jones was influenced by Brecht by producing a play in a revolutionary poetic style which scrutinizes ideologies of race. Bertolt Brecht, LeRoi Jones and Antonin Artaud :: LeRoi Jones Dutchman Bertolt Brecht, LeRoi Jones and Antonin Artaud In LeRoi Jones's play, "Dutchman," elements of realism, naturalism and non-realism abound. The play features characters such as Clay, a twenty-year-old Negro, Lula, a thirty-year-old white woman, both white and black passengers on a subway coach, a young Negro and a conductor. All of these characters take a ride that, for each, ends with different destinations and leaves the audience to sort through the details and find conclusions themselves. In this play, Jones uses realistic, naturalistic and non-realistic elements to convey social issues such as racism in the author's own disillusioned style. Jones's portrayal is supported with the influences of Bertolt Brecht and Antonin Artaud, whose own disillusionment enhanced their works and greatly diversified theatrical conventions. "Dutchman" is a play that should be talked about by its audience so they can take part cleanse themselves of the issues within, therefore, as many conclusions can be drawn by the individuals exposed in this play as there are numbers of people that have seen or read it. Realism and naturalism arose out of a world which was increasingly becoming scientifically advanced. Airplanes,railroads, automobiles, steamboats and communication advances such as television, radio, the telephone and the telegraph increased the speed and the amount of information that human beings can send. Realism and naturalism " . . . arose in part as responses to those new social and philosophical conditions (Cameron and Gillespie, pg. 335)." Following in a realistic style, Jones sets his play in contemporary times and in a contemporary place- the subway. Jones sets the scene with a man sitting in a subway seat while holding a magazine. Dim and flickering lights and darkness whistle by against the glass window to his right. These aesthetic adornments give the illusion of speed associated with subway travel. Realists believed that the most effective purpose of art was to improve humanity by portraying contemporary life and its problems in realistic settings. Jones depicts racism and murder in a modern setting to remind us that racism and racially motivated murders are not issues only relegated to our nation's past, nor is the issue of institutionalized racism. Jones also used non-realistic elements in his play and was probably influenced by Bertolt Brecht in doing so. Brecht once wrote that " . . . to think, or write or produce a play also means to transform society, to transform the state, to subject ideologies to close scrutiny (Goosens, 1997)." Jones was influenced by Brecht by producing a play in a revolutionary poetic style which scrutinizes ideologies of race.

Narrative Perspective: Fast Car by Tracy Chapman

Alalysis #1- Fast Car- Tracy ChapmanPosted: 1st February 2011 by t3david in Narrative 0Analysis #1 Narrative Perspective difinetly Artefact: Fast Car Tracey Chapman 1988 I chose to analyse this artefact from a narrative perspective because it the song clearly describes all the elements of a narrative- the setting, characters, and events. Finally in order for this song to be a narrative there must be a moral which I will try to decipher while analysing the artefact. I also choose this artefact because it discusses some almost â€Å"taboo† topic, so I felt was relevant to pop culture.The exact location of where the events take place is unclear. We can assume through the description of the song that it is likely that the events are taking place with a lower/middle class family living in a small neighbourhood. We can infer this because of the need for the narrator to want to drive away from where she is because there isn’t much opportunity in this small town. The main chara cter is also the narrator and she tells the story of what she is thinking as life passes her by. The main character also talks about other people in her life.One particular person is the person she seems to be singing to. She often refers to â€Å"you† when she talks about leaving the town. She also uses words like â€Å"we† and â€Å"us† to show that whoever she is singing to is with her and that she is not alone. Later on we learn about her family who act as secondary characters. We come to know about her father and the sacrifices she has made for him even though he may not be the best father (â€Å"I quit school†). We also hear about her mother who walked out on her and her father. The major events are all the struggles that the main character had to go through.The narrator tells us about her family situation when she was younger; how her mother left the family, how her dad turned to alcohol, and how she had to pull the weight of her family by dropping out of school and working. She then talks about her life now and how it’s a similar situation in the sense that she has to sacrifice her needs in order to provide for her own family. She talks about her partner sees â€Å"more of your friends then you do your kids† and how she had to take up a job as checkout girl (which was probably something that she didn’t plan).These events are active because actions are actually being carried out. Throughout the narrative, the main character talks about driving away in a â€Å"fast car† which symbolizes her need to get away from all her problems and enjoy the simple pleasures of life. This event has temporal relations and to be more specific it has relations that are paradigmatic because we learn about events and attitudes that happened in the past before learning about the current state of the main character.For example we learn about her wish of driving away even before we hear about her difficult past. I found th at it was a little hard to decode. One moral that is conveyed throughout the song is as much as your try to run away( or drive away) from your problems sometimes they just ending up following you, even if you feel as if you are a good person who doesn’t deserve such problems. However I found that the implications of the artefact can come across positively as well.In the scenario if the implication being positive we can maybe conclude that after hearing the song people who experienced a similar situation in the past or people who are experiencing similar situations currently would be able to connect to the song more, and relate to the events and feelings that is being conveyed by the narrator. Even though the moral of the song may be bleak, people may feel secure that there are other people in world going through some of the same things they may be.However again, we can also look at the other perspective. When impressionable audiences listen to this song, and find that the nar rator doesn’t have a happy ending it could just make people feel more hopeless. It’s important to note that even though the material of the story is a bit depressing, for example the discussion of single parenthood and alcoholism, there is still an inspirational quality to the song. We can see the inspirational quality of the song because the main character is always referring to wanting to drive away and be carefree.The reference to the main character wanting to drive away is especially effecting because it is the ending of the song. By putting this at the end it really cements the idea of the main character still striving for more in her life; she hasn’t given up. In terms of looking at this artefact and how it relates to pop culture as a whole we can draw a few conclusions. It’s firstly important to note that this song came out in 1988. Unlike today in 1988 alcoholism and single parenthood wasn’t publicized as much.Today, however, images of alco holism and single parenthood are becoming a common occurrence in all forms of media. So for Tracey Chapman to include material like that in her song was a risk. Another thing that I found related to pop culture, and especially her audience, which was mostly young people, was that Overall I find that the song is effective in conveying its message of always hoping for greater things. As well to enjoy the simple things even if times have been hard.With its clever use of characters, setting, and well organized events that advance the plot the final moral of the song was properly conveyed. Sources Sellnow, Deanna D. The rhetorical power of popular culture: considering mediated texts. Los Angeles: Sage, 2010. Print â€Å"Tracy Chapman- Fast Car† Web. 1 Feb 2011 http://www. lyrics007. com/Tracy%20Chapman%20Lyrics/Fast%20Car%20Lyrics. html. â€Å"Tracy Chapman-Fast Car Video. † Web. 1 Feb 2011. http://www. youtube. com/watch? v=dl6yilkU1L1. Griffen, Dr. Chris. â€Å"Narrative Alalysis,† N. P. , n. d. Web. 1 Feb 2011. http://stadd. bath. ac. uk/psscg/Q-Nar-lec. htm.

Financial Analysis And Decision Making At Bresil Investment Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 14 Words: 4075 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? 1.Introduction As a team of investment Analyst for Bresil Investment, We have been approached by one of our client, Stephen Curry to offer investment advice. Mr. Curry has two investment choices, either Games Workshop PLC or Hornby PLC. Our analysis will include ratio analysis of both the companies for current and previous years, as well as some industry specific analysis. Aim of this report is to provide Best investment advice for Mr. Curry. 2.Financial Analysis Financial Analysis exists to help decision Makers. It is concerned with the ways in which funds for a Business are raised and invested (Theoh 2009:3 ). Financial analysis can also be referred as analysis and interpretation of financial statements to determine the current position and future scope of the firm using Balance sheet, Profit and loss account and other effective statistics. Financial Analysis uses the financial ratios for this purpose. Financial analysis gives a good idea about the profitability and financial soundness of the company so that investors can take right decision and invest in the Best Company. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Financial Analysis And Decision Making At Bresil Investment Finance Essay" essay for you Create order 3. Interpretation of Ratio analysis 3.1. Profitability Ratios Return on Capital Employed (ROCE ) The Return on Capital Employed Ratio is the fundamental measure of business performance. This ratio expresses the relationship between the operating profit generated during a period and the average long term capital invested in the business during that period. (McLancy Atril 2008:229) Ratio in percentage can calculated as follows: ROCE= ((Operating Profit)/(Total asset Current Liabilities)) * 100 The above graph shows the ROCE of both Games Workshop PLC and Hornby PLC for 2008,2009 and 2010. Time Analysis ROCE of Games PLC has increased at constant rate from 2008 to 2010. That is 5.48%, 17.26% and 27.98% respectively. On the other hand ROCE of Hornby was better in 2008 (29.47%), however it has declined in 2009 and 2010 (i.e. 17.67% and 12.65% respectively). The reason behind the decline in the return of Hornby with realizing from the capital employed is that the company has invested lot of money in various fixed assets. Also the cost of production has increased in 2009 and 2010 as compared to 2008. Industrial Benchmarking Games workshop PLCs performance very well in 2010 and 2009 (27.98% and 17.26% respectively) as compared to the industry average in terms of ROCE. Also in 2008 the ROCE (5.48) was above the industry average. On the other hand for Hornby PLC also ROCE figures are higher for 2008, 2009 and 2010 (Fame 2010) Conclusion From the ROCE comparison of Games Work Shop PLC and Hornby PLC we can conclude that Games PLC is profitable as compared to Hornby. Profit Margin Profit margin or Operating profit margin relates the operating profit for the period to the sales revenue during that period. (McLancy Atril 2008:229). Profit margin can be calculated as follows Profit margin = (Operating profit/ Sales)* 100 Time Analysis The profit margin of Games PLC has increased at constant rate during the years 2008, 2009 and 2010. Reason behind for this rise is increase in Operating profit and also they become more efficient in their production. That means they have reduces the overheads. So the cost of sales remained almost constant and under control. Whereas for Hornby PLC the profit margin was higher during 2008 (16.85%) but it has decreased gradually during the years 2009 and 2010(i.e, 11.20% and 9.27% respectively).The ratio is decreasing that is clearly unsatisfactory. This is due to the decrease in the operating profit. That means the cost of sale is increased. Industrial Benchmarking In 2010 and 2009 the profit margin of Games Workshop PLC are well head than industrial average, however in 2008 the profit margin is almost half of the industrial average. On the other hand profit margins on Hornby PLC for 3 years are more than the industrial average. Conclusion While considering the Profit margins of both the companies, we can conclude the profitability of Games Workshop PLC is very good. 3.2. Efficiency Ratios 1. Asset Turnover Asset turnover ratio examines how efficiently the asset of the company is being used to generate revenue or ratio assesses the sale that a company can generate for each dollar assets it owns. In common a higher ratio is preferred to lower one. However a higher ratio may indicate that Company is overtrading its assets. Companies with higher asset turnover ratios can thrive even with low profit margin. (Biafore 2004:151) Asset turnover ratio can be calculated as follows: Asset Turnover= Sales / Capital Employed The above graph the comparison of Asset Turnover Ratios of Games PLC and Hornby PLC for three years. Time Analysis It is clear from the graph the ratio is almost same for Games PLC during 2008 and 2009 and it is bit in a lower side during 2010 (2.207). Still the figures are satisfactory for Games PLC. This means that Games PLC is utilizing its assets at constant rate. On the other hand the ratios are decreasing for Hornby PLC. In 2008 it was better (1.749), however when we check the sales, the can conclude that the growth of sale is unsatisfactory as the Capital employed also increased also over these years. Conclusion While considering the Asset Turnovers of both the companies, we can conclude the profitability of Games Workshop PLC is better. 2.Stock Turnover Stock turn over can defined as pace in which the stock are being sold out. It helps us to determine the duration of purchasing period. (Bose 2010:23) In another words it is the number of times the average inventory is sold out in a particular period. It can be calculated as Stock Turnover = (Cost of Sale/ Stock) Time Analysis For Games PLC the Stock Turnover was better in 2009 (3.36 times).In 2008 it was bit on lower side, however in 2010 it has again decreased to 3.03 times. These figures are satisfactory. On the other hand for Hornby PLC the stock turnover is better in 2010 (2.66 times) and in 2008 and 2009 it remained almost constant (2.21 2.24 times). Conclusion In every business will want and target a higher Stock Turnover ratio. While considering the Stock Turnover ratios of both the companies, Games Workshop PLC seems to be in better condition. 3.Stock Days It is also possible to express the ratio as a number of days, which is sometimes an easier way to understand it. To do this uses the following formula: STOCK TURNOVER RATIO (in days) = Average Stocks (Cost of goods sold/365) Or = 365/stock turnover Time Analysis As we can see from the graph, Hornby constantly has higher value of stock turnover than Games Workshop over the span of three consecutive years. But if we closely examine the scenario, Hornby has successfully decreased its stock days (from 160 days in 2008 to 137 days in 2010) while in the case of Games workshop, it is reversed (from 112 days in 2008 to 120 days in 2010) Conclusion The ratio gives us an idea about the number of days that on invested money is being held as inventories. A company is considered as working well when its stock turnover days are less. Hornby decreased its stock turnover days considerably, however if we compare it with that of Games PLC, its values are in higher. ie, While comparing the both companies in term of Stock Turnover days, Games Workshop PLC is better. 4.Debtor Period: Debtor Period or Debtor collection period tells us how long the customers take to pay back the money. Good managed Debtor policies can keep the Debtor collection period as low as possible, without damaging the customer relation. (McLancy 2006:54) Debtor period = (debtor * 365)/sales Time Analysis From the graph it is clear that Games PLC has been successful in reducing Debtor collection period. That is, from 32.65 in 2008 to 28.97 in 2010. This is a satisfactory figure. In comparison with games workshop, Hornby had longer period of debtor. It had 71.11days in 2008 which has gone up to almost 78 days in 2009; however they tried to reduce it to almost 75 in 2010. Conclusion An increase in debtor collection period decrease companys cash flow. That means it will increase the capital employed resulting in lower ROCE. So when comparing the Debtor collection Period of the both companies, Games PLCs Performance is satisfactory. 3.3. Liquidity Ratios 1. Current Ratio This is one of the most widely used ratios defined as Current ratio = current assets/Current Liabilities Current assets are expected to be turn into cash within approximately 12 months and the current liabilities are obligations that company owes that will require cash within in one year. This ratio is a measure of short term liquidity. An investor might expect this ratio at least 1. (Stickney, Weil, Schipper Francis 2010: 266) Time Analysis The graph illustrates continues higher value of current ratio of Hornby over games workshop except in 2009.For this three years Current ratios of both the companies are higher than 1. That means figures are satisfactory for both companies. One can understand that higher value indicates good sign for creditors. Conclusion This ratio gives idea that whether the companys current assets can cover the current liabilities. From the above graph it is clear that both the companies have adequate number of current asset to cover the current liabilities. 2. Acid Test Ratio Acid Test Ratio or Quick Ratio is more severe test of business solvency than Current ratio. It excludes inventory(Stock) which is the current ratio includes and limit the Current asset to cash and items which can be quickly convert to cash. Investors and lenders are more interested in Acid Test ration.(Tracy 2008:287) It can be calculated as follows: Acid Test Ratio = (Current assets- Stock)/ Current liabilities. Time Analysis From the graph we can see a steady increase in Quick ratio of Games PLC. Ie, from 0.904 in 2008 it has increased up to 1.49 in 2010. However on the other hand for Hornby we can see the ratio is fluctuating. That means, in 2008 it was 0.94 but in 2009 it came down to 0.72 and then in 2010 it shot up to 1.38. Industrial Benchmarking While we compare the Acid test ratios of Games PLC and Hornby PLC for each year, we can see that, the liquidity of Hornby is less than 1 in 2008 and 2009. That means Companies Current assets are not sufficient for covering current liabilities. In the mean time value for Game PLC remained almost same in 2008, which was a matter of concern. However Games liquidity has been increased during 2009 and 2010 and the figures are satisfactory. And in 2010 the liquidity of Hornby has improved to a satisfactory level. Conclusion While comparing the liquidity of both the companies, Games Workshop PLC is in better position. 3.4. Solvency Ratios 1. Capital Gearing Capital Gearing tries to measure the risk to the equity shareholders arising from companys capital structure. It is the mathematical relation between the borrowed capital and capital employed. (Elliot Elliot 2006:146) It can be calculated as follows: Capital Gearing Ratio: Long term Borrowing / Capital employed Time Analysis In 2008 Capital Gearing of Games PLC was better (36.6%), however in 2009 and 2010 the value dropped (27.23% 3.53%). And this is not satisfactory. On the other hand Capital Gearing of Hornby PLC was very low in 2008 (1.21%). In 2009 the value has gone up to 19.17% and it reached a maximum of 22.82%. Conclusion When we compare both the companies in terms of capital gearing ratio, we can conclude that Games PLC is in a better position. 2. Interest Cover Ratio Interest cover Ratio ensures that the borrower has adequate amount of cash to pay interest on its out- standing debt. (Wight, Cooke Gray 2009:302). It can be calculated as follows: Interest Cover = PBIT/ Interest payable. . Time Analysis In 2008 the interest cover ratio was very low for Games (1.33), however in 2009 it showed a good sign of improvement (4.98) and in 2010 the ratio is at its best, ie. 43.17. On the other hand the situation was better for Hornby in 2008 (25.1), however it started dropping in 2009 and reached to the minimum value of 7.42 Industrial Benchmarking As per Watson and Head in their Text book An interest cover of more than seven times is usually regarded as safe and more than three times is acceptable. When we compare the interest cover ratio of Games PLC in 2008 with that of Hornby PLC, its value is very low and it is unsatisfactory and its value in 2009 is acceptable. In 2010 Games PLCs position is very safe. While considering the interest cover Ratio of Hornby, even if its value dropped from 25.1 to 7.42, companys position is safe in all these year. Conclusion When we compare the solvency of both the companies, their current positions are safe. However the Game PLC is more solvent than Hornby PLC. 3.5. Investment Ratios 1.Return on Shareholders Funds (ROSF) The Return on Shareholders Funds compares the amount of profit for the period available to the owner, with owners the average stake in the business during that same time. This ratio also represented in percentage. (McLancy Atril 2008:229) ROSF can be calculated as follows: ROSF= ((Profit After tax/ (Share Capital + Reserves)) * 100 Or ROSF= ((Profit After tax/ (Equity)) * 100 Time Analysis From the above graph it is evident that ROSF of Game PLC has increased consistently every year. That is 1.51%, 14.3% and 27.27. On the other hand ROCE of Hornby was better during 2008 (19.31%) but it has decreased in 2009 and 2010 (13.30% and 10.06% respectively). Reason behind in this drop, as explained above the cost of production has increased in 2009 and 2010 as compared to 2008. Industry Benchmarking Both Games PLC and Hornby are performed well as compared to industrial average in 2008, 2009 and 2010. (Fame 2010). When comparing Games PLC with Hornby the ROSF of Games PLC in 2009 and 2010 are satisfactory. 2. Total Shareholder Return Shareholders will be interested to know total return earned on their investment. This will be relative to general price rises, a peer group of firms or may be the market as a whole. TSR includes the dividend returns and share price changes over a particular period.(Arnold 2008:701) TSR= [Dividend+ (Share price at the end of period- Initial Share price)]x100 / Initial share price Time Analysis In 2008, the investment was not good for shareholders for both the companies. That means 38% loss for Games PLC and 33% loss for Hornby. In 2009 there was a profit of 20% in return for Games and in 2010 the profit in return again increased to 77.5%. For Hornby, on the other hand, the investors got good return from their investment. Ie, 62.6% in 2009 and 92.7% in 2010 Industrial Benchmarking When we compare the Total shareholder return for both companies, we can see that Hornby has achieved better return for their shareholders. And the condition of Games PLC is not that bad in 2009 and 2010. Their return also is better than industrial average. Conclusion We can see both the investors of Games PLC and Hornby PLC experienced loss due to fall in price share. However in 2009 and 2010 the investors got good profit. 3. Earnings per Share Earnings per share measure companys growth. EPS takes what company has earned and divides it with number of stock share outstanding. (Jackson Kelly 1998) EPS= Profit after tax/ Number of Shares Time Analysis From the graph we can see that the earning per share of Games PLC has increased steadily. The growth, we can say, is consistent. In 2010 it achieved a maximum earning of 48.9 pence. On the other hand for Games PLC Earnings per share was higher in 2008(15.1p) and it has come down to 11p in 2010. Still we cant say that it is a big drop. Hornby Earnings per Share is also satisfactory. Industry Benchmarking Earnings per Share of Games PLC have been good for over 3 years. It has achieved a maximum of 48.4p in 2010. On the other hand for Hornby, the company performing well in 2008 but in 2009 and in 2010 the Value has dropped. Still the companys values are much above the industrial average. 4.Dividend Per Share Dividend per Share or DPS is the dividend paid to the shareholders on a per share basis. DPS is the better than EPS as the former shows what exactly is received by owners.(Khan Jain 2007:24) It can be calculated as follows: DPS= Net dividend / Number of ordinary share in issue Time Analysis It is clear from the graph that Games PLC has not given any dividend during 2008 and 2009. However in 2010 they have given in a very good dividend of 25p per share. On the other hand Hornby PLC has given dividend every year. Even if the Dividend varied each year, the company managed to give dividend to shareholder. This is a satisfactory. 5.Dividend Cover Dividend cover is the ratio attributable to normal shareholders to dividend. It shows the affordability of the current level of dividends. (Arnold 2004:191) It can be calculated as follows: Dividend Cover= Profit after tax / net dividend Or Dividend Cover = EPS/ DPS. Time Analysis In the graph we can see that previously for Games Plc, the dividend cover was zero in year 2008 2009 and in 2010 it suddenly became 0.39. Whereas for the Hornby Plc Dividend cover was 1.88 in year 2008, then in fall down to 1.94 in year 2010, after touching highest 4.11 in year 2009. Industry Benchmarking For Games Plc the dividend cover of the year 2010 is a good sign but Dividend cover of Hornby Plc cannot be under estimated because it has always remain at a higher end in the last 3 years much above 0.39 level of the Games Plc only in the year 2010. Conclusion On deeply analyzing the ratios of both companies in the graph, Hornby Plc is having greater value. 6.Price Earnings Ratio Price Earnings Ratio shows the association between market price of a share of common stock and Earnings per share.It can be calculated as follows: Price Earnings Ratio= Market Price per share / EPS Time Analysis Price Earnings Ratio of Games PLC was very low during 2008 (-72.5), however in 2009 it has improved to a good figure of 11.74. Again in 2010 it has gone down to 7.15. It is not satisfactory. For Hornby PLC, on the other hand, the ratio was better in 2008 (12.52) and in 2009 price earnings ratio was bit low. However in 2010 the value has gone up to 11.45. This is a good sign and it is satisfactory. Industrial Benchmarking A high PE ratio forecast that the future returns or earning in the company are expected to grow significantly. It is a sign of Market confidence. While we compare the PE ratios of Games PLC and Hornby , we can see that Hornbys performance is more promising. 4. Industry Specific Analysis The Toys Manufacturing industry was targeting 2.2 Billion in 2007, with respect to year 2003 its grew 22% up in that period, it can grow at a better pace as economic scenario improves further. But this Industry is facing challenges from new technology, such as children are getting more attracted toward Internet online games. Due to this traditional toys may suffer could impact sales. But there is a lot of scope for improvement that the industry players can do, like, they can educate parents children about the benefits of toys traditional games as compared to internet online games. Extending the appeal to buy toys in above age categories like grownups adults. But this is not the only end to the problems faced by this industry. Moreover, the stiff competition is making the market more competitive due to price wars which have commoditized the market. Hornby PLC Hornby Plc is a U.K based manufacturing industry specially deals in games toys design, sourcing, distribution of hobby interactive home entertainment products. The Hornby Plc company develops and supplies Hobby and Toy products . The main customers of this industry are the growing children. The brand name are the Hornby, Scalextric, Electrotren, SuperSlot, Lima, Jouef, Rivarossi and MKD. On September 2006, the company acquired Heico Modell, a German company.(Fame 2010) Games Workshop PLC Games Workshop Group Plc is the largest and the most successful tabletop fantasy war games company that is based in U.K. They also designs, manufactures and markets a hobby based upon collecting, modeling, painting and tabletop gaming with model soldiers. The companys major brands are Warhammer and Warhammer 40,000. The companys products are sold through its own chain of more than 300 Hobby centres and by more than 4,000 independent toy and hobby shops around the world.(Fame 2010) The important players of industry are Hornby Plc, Games work shop Plc, Vivid Imaginations Limited, Flair Leisure Products PLC, Vivid TOY Group Limited, Ethos International Ltd, Record RSS Limited, Hardy Greys Limited, Rockstar North Limited, Datel electronics limited etc. Strengths of Industry Once initial appeal is established then attraction of collecting can ensure repeat sales. The major plus point of Industry is that it is made for kids their appeal cannot be ignored by anyone because they never compromise like adults, for buying their favorite toy or game. Teachers parents support toys because they help in learning process of children. Infusion of new toys often makes it fresh again. Licensed products can be charged at high prices can be promoted through TV, Film, book comics etc. Toys games could be good gift from grandparents here is what I bought for you when I went to London. Once a toy is broken, it has to be replaced by a new one without delay, which means high sales. Weakness of this Industry Kids mood is highly unpredictable specially driven by their peer group, about toys. Competition is high from digital media. Due to the desire of kids to possess adult size commodities lifestyles, they may give less importance to toys. New entrants can face higher barrier to entry due to crowded heavily branded industry. High price sensitive toys are mostly pocket sized. Performance of the key players of this Industry Based on Turnover: [Source: https://fame2.bvdep.com/version20101126/Report.serv?context=9ZR65YBIF4ZMOI4_cid=2399 The graph above indicates that both Games work shop Plc Hornby Plc are above the industry average in the year 2009. This means both companies can have a good future investor can get good returns if he/ she invest money in either of them. Out of the two companies under our consideration, Games workshop group Plc is at a better position as compared with Hornby. Based On Profit Margin [Source:- https://fame2.bvdep.com/version-20101126/Report.serv?context=9ZR65YBIF4ZMOI4_cid=2399 ] We can see the huge dip in negative profit margin for more than 3 companies, which indicate the current market position due to competition. But here the profit margin of Hornby Plc is higher as compared to Games workshop Plc for the year 2009. 5. Future prospect of Industry Even though the industry has weaknesses like every other industry has, the future lies to that industry which minimizes its weaknesses maximizes the strengths. For this industry, since strengths are practically psychologically strong but the industry must not forget that consumers will be choosing more carefully making the industry more challenging to do business into. In years to come market will enjoy factors like growing kids population, media influences, parents nature to give something that helps the child to learn by practically touching it children love for toys their collection urge. Manufacturers can further improve it by depending less on licensed products, understanding changing tastes of children as they grow launching more innovative high quality products whether their own ranges or licensing. 6. Recommendation Based on the above detailed analysis of Hornby Plc Games workshop plc, we would positively recommend Mr. Curry, that if he is looking for long term investment then he should invest in Hornby Plc, but if he is looking for short term investment he should choose Games work shop Plc. The reasons to do so are provided below:- Reasons to invest Long term in Hornby Plc:- Looking at the Investment ratios, even though ROSF of Games is increasing Hornby Plc is decreasing in past 3 years, but we should not ignore the past stability of Hornby which is strong Total shareholder return is much better for Hornby Plc then Games workshop Plc. Taking care focusing only for better returns for Mr. Curry, after considering the Dividend Cover Price earnings ratios, which reflects stock market confidence in Hornby Plc than Games work shop Plc. The performance of Games work shop Plc has drastically moved upwards in a very short term, that is why we are not sure whether or not the company can give good returns to their shareholders in long term, this condition is prospective for Hornby Plc. Looking at the graphs provided in the Industrial analysis of this report, where both companies are above industry average but on carefully examining we can make out that even though turnover of Games work shop Plc is higher but profit margin of Hornby Plc is better. Reasons to invest short term in Games workshop Plc:- Looking at the profitability ratios, efficiency ratios, Liquidity ratios Solvency ratios, we can make out that Games work shop Plc is better than Hornby Plc. That means rapid growth is expected in near future after looking at the past 3 years performance.